Fluid inlet and outlet setting method for fuel cell stack

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement method of the fluid inlet and outlet of a fuel cell stack. The method includes a single cell stack or an integrative cell stack, a fluid distribution plate, and a three-inlet three-outlet pipeline arrangement which comprises a hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline, an air inlet and outlet pipeline, and a cooling fluid inlet and outlet pipeline. The fluid distribution plate comprises a central current collector, and a front / back end fluid distribution plate. The three-inlet three-outlet pipelines are arranged on the fluid distribution plate of the fuel cell stack, wherein, the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline, the air inlet and outlet pipeline, and the cooling fluid inlet and outlet pipeline are arranged on the lower end of the fluid distribution plate, hydrogen, air and cooling fluid enter into the cell stack respectively from the central current collector or the a front / back end fluid distribution plate, and flow out from the lower end of the central current collector or the a front / back end fluid distribution plate after reaction. Compared with the prior art, the method is characterized in that the fluid is easy to drain out and water shutoff is not easy to happen.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fuel cell, in particular to a method for setting the fluid inlet and outlet of a fuel cell stack. Background technique [0002] An electrochemical fuel cell is a device that converts hydrogen fuel and oxidant into electrical energy and reaction products. The internal core component of the device is the membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly, referred to as MEA). The membrane electrode (MEA) is composed of a proton exchange membrane and two porous conductive materials, such as carbon paper, sandwiched between the two sides of the membrane. On the two boundary surfaces of the membrane and the carbon paper, there are even and finely dispersed catalysts for initiating electrochemical reactions, such as metal platinum catalysts. Conductive objects can be used on both sides of the membrane electrode to draw the electrons generated during the electrochemical reaction through an external circuit to form a current loop. [...

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Problems solved by technology

[0013] At present, in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell power generation system, the three-inlet and three-outlet pipelines for hydrogen supply, air supply, and cooling and heat dissipation are all arranged at the front and rear ends of the fluid distribution plates 7 and 8 of the fuel cell stack, such as figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen inlet pipeline 1, the air inlet pipeline 3, and the cooling fluid inlet pipeline 5 are arranged at the front and rear ends of the front end plate 7 of the fuel cell stack, and the hydrogen outlet pipeline 2, the air outlet pipeline 4, and the cooling fluid outlet The pipeline 6 is set at the front and rear ends of the rear end plate 8 of the fuel cell stack. After the fluid enters the stack from the front and rear ends of the fluid distribution plate, it flows through the deflector plate and reacts. After being collected, it climbs to the front and rear ends of the fluid distribution plate. Outflow will inevitably require a large fluid pressure to press the fluid flowing to the lower end of the deflector to a certain height before it can flow out from the fluid outlets set at the front and rear ends of the fluid distribution plate. This design is difficult for fluid to discharge and may easily cause water blockage

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