Energy-saving aluminum electrolysis cell

Abstract

The invention relates to an aluminum electrolysis cell, in particular to an aluminum electrolysis cell with current intensity above 60kA. The aluminum electrolysis cell comprises a cell shell, a lining and an upper structure. The upper structure is provided with anode carbon blocks. Feeding points are arranged among the anode carbon blocks. Part or all of cathode carbon blocks is immersed in aluminum liquid. The level of most aluminum liquid in the electrolysis cell is below the upper surface of cathode carbon blocks. By adopting the structure, the invention has the advantages that, on one hand, since the cathode carbon blocks stop the flowing of the aluminum liquid caused by magnetic fields, the fluctuation of the level of the aluminum liquid of the electrolysis cell is reduced, the stability of the electrolysis cell is improved, the production of the interelectrode aluminum liquid-electrolyte interface is realized under the condition of small fluctuation, the current efficiency is improved and the direct current power consumption is greatly reduced; and on the other hand, since the contact area between the aluminum liquid and the cathode carbon blocks is increased, the voltage drop between the cathode carbon blocks and the aluminum liquid is reduced, and thereby the voltage drop of the cathode is reduced and the electric energy utilization ratio is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an aluminum electrolytic cell, in particular to an aluminum electrolytic cell with a current intensity above 60kA, and belongs to the technical field of prebaked anode aluminum electrolytic cells. Background technique [0002] The Hall-Heroult electrolyzer currently used for aluminum industry production uses a carbon anode and a carbon block as a cathode to produce aluminum by electrolysis of alumina. The electrolyte is mainly composed of cryolite and alumina melt, in addition to aluminum fluoride and aluminum fluoride dissolved in it. other salts. The electrolytically separated aluminum is accumulated on the upper part of the cathode of the carbon block at the bottom of the tank, forming an aluminum liquid layer and serving as a part of the cathode. Since the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell is affected by the electromagnetic field in the workshop and moves, it is necessary to maintain a certain height of the aluminum...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the current efficiency of the existing electrolyzers is mostly between 90% and 96%, and the space for improving the current efficiency is limited.

At present, the pole distance of the aluminum electrolytic cell is generally about 4.5-5cm, and the voltage drop caused by the pole distance is about 40% of the total energy consumption. The reduction of the pole distance provides a lot of space for energy saving and consumption reduction. Due to the limitation of the structure and the reduction of the pole distance, due to the influence of the fluctuation of the aluminum liquid electrolyte interface caused by the magnetic field, the electrolytic cell will become unstable, lose current efficiency, and it is difficult to achieve the purpose of energy saving

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