Hydrocatalytic pyrolysis-hydrotreating new process of high-sulfur, high-acid low-quality heavy oil

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel catalytic hydroprocessing thermal cracking-hydrotreating process of high-sulfur high-acid inferior heavy oil. In the process, a tail oil circulating method in which heavy oil catalytic hydroprocessing thermal cracking, distillate hydrotreatment and liquid cyolonic separation treatment of vacuum tail oil are combined is adopted. The novel catalytic hydroprocessing thermal cracking-hydrotreating process of high-sulfur high-acid inferior heavy oil has the characteristics of simple complexing agent dispersion, high distillate yield, good product property and less tailings throwing amount, and can be used for treating high-sulfur high-acid high-metal, high-carbon-residue high-asphaltene inferior heavy oil which is difficultly treated by using the existing processes such as fixed bed hydrocarcking, catalytic cracking and the like; and the yield of the distillate is up to 85%-90%, and the property of the product is good, thus the novel catalytic hydroprocessing thermal cracking-hydrotreating process of high-sulfur high-acid inferior heavy oil has great popularization and application prospects.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the lightening process of heavy oil in the petroleum processing technology, and specifically relates to a new process of coupling hydrogenation catalytic thermal cracking and hydrogenation treatment for treating high-sulfur, high-acid low-quality heavy oil. Background technique [0002] At present, my country's low-quality oil production is increasing, and the proportion of high-sulfur and high-acid crude oil in imported crude oil is also increasing. These inferior crude oils have the characteristics of high metal, high carbon residue, high sulfur, high nitrogen, high acid value, high viscosity and low light oil content, and it is difficult to process them economically and effectively by existing processing technologies. [0003] Research on hydrocracking or hydroupgrading processes of inferior heavy oil at home and abroad is very active, but most of them are at the level of pilot test and industrial test, and only a few proces...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Research on hydrocracking or hydroupgrading processes of inferior heavy oil at home and abroad is very active, but most of them are at the level of pilot test and industrial test, and only a few processes have the conditions for industrialization, and these processes have their own shortcomings, such as ①The EST technology of Italian ENI company, the vacuum tail oil of this technology uses C3 or C4 for solvent deasphalting, deoiled asphalt (mainly asphaltenes and catalyst) cycle reaction, although this technology has the industrial conditions, but the reaction is harsh Low degree, large circulation of deoiled asphalt, small space velocity of fresh raw materials, poor economy

②The HDHPLUS-SHP technology jointly developed by French Axens / IFP and Venezuelan Intevep / PDVSA, this technology is a one-pass scheme for fresh raw materials, using water-soluble catalysts, 2 reactors connected in series, and treating the decompression tail by decompression and deep drawing At present, the process has completed the industrial test and is in the process of basic design, but there are problems such as large investment in equipment and high energy consumption in operation.

③ Chevron’s VRSH process, which uses three reactors in series, a small amount of catalyst is continuously separated through the side line, reactivated and returned to use. Relying on the combination of multi-step reaction / separation steps, different light and heavy components in the raw oil are realized. Step-by-step conversion, the process is currently in the stage of industrial trials, but the operation is relatively complicated, the product quality is not good enough, and there are problems in the separation and activation of the catalyst

④UOP’s UniflexTM process, which uses iron-based nano-dispersed catalysts, has a large amount of addition, and the heavy wax oil cycle cracking method makes the final product have a high vacuum tail oil content, which is not economical

⑤The heavy oil suspension bed hydrocracking process jointly developed by China National Petroleum Corporation and Petroleum University (East China), the process has completed the industrial test, but due to the use of water-soluble catalyst and wax oil circulation scheme, the energy consumption of catalyst dispersion is high, The final product contains a lot of vacuum tail oil, and the economic return rate is not high

⑥In addition, there are other similar processes at home and abroad, such as the VCC suspension bed hydrocracking technology jointly launched by KBR and BP and the (HCAT / HC)3 process of Headwater Company, etc. Most of these processes are in small-scale experiments In the pilot and pilot stage, there are problems in terms of catalyst, product properties or vacuum tail oil treatment, and most of the raw materials processed by the above-mentioned processes are not inferior heavy oil, but atmospheric residue of low-sulfur or sulfur-containing crude oil

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