Full variable fertilizing device capable of adjusting fertilizer sowing quantity and proportion and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a full-variable fertilizing device capable of adjusting the fertilizer sowing quantity and proportion and a control method thereof. The device comprises three fertilizer cans, three rows of fertilizer feeders corresponding to the three fertilizer cans, three fertilizer discharging shafts, three fertilizer discharging shaft driving motors, a blending fertilizer falling pipe, a blending auger, an auger driving motor, a fertilizer falling pipe fixing plate, and an electrical control part. The control method is characterized in that under the control of the electrical control part, by controlling the rotating speeds of the fertilizer discharging shafts, the fertilizer sowing quantities of the fertilizer cans are controlled, so that different unit fertilizers or composite fertilizers in the three fertilizer cans are uniformly blended according to the proportion of nitrogen to phosphor to potassium, and the real-time accurate full-variable intelligent fertilizer control of the fertilizer quantities and proportion of nitrogen, phosphor and potassium is realized accurately on line at real time, and the contradiction between space-time difference and crop nutritional requirement difference of soil fertility distribution is balanced easily. The device has simple structure and small time lag in the process of discharging fertilizer. According to the variable fertilizing formula and the location of the device, the device is operated without a driver, and the operation is convenient. According to the invention, the blending technology of fertilizers is shifted from factory technology to fertilization process, and the problem of nonuniform distribution of nutrients in packages caused by easy layering of fertilizers in the storage and transportation process of bulk blending (BB) fertilizers is eliminated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an intelligent fertilization device in the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a fully variable fertilization device and a control method thereof that can simultaneously adjust the ratio of main nutrient elements of granular fertilizers and the amount of fertilizer discharged on-line. Background technique [0002] As a nutrient source for plant growth, the three main macronutrient elements nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in chemical fertilizers can greatly improve the yield and quality of agricultural products. The main purpose of the large-scale balanced fertilization and formula fertilization carried out in precision agriculture in my country is to determine the reasonable ratio and fertilization amount of main nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to the soil nutritional status and crops. [0003] On the one hand, the current fertilizer market in my country is dominated by...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, compound fertilizers also have two main disadvantages: ①The nutrient ratio is fixed, and it is difficult to meet the differentiated needs of different soils and various crops

② Various nutrients move at different rates in the soil, and are fixed and lost by the soil in different degrees. Therefore, it is difficult to meet the requirements of precision fertilization technology in terms of application time and fertilization location.

However, its disadvantages are also obvious: ①The ratio of fertilizers is limited by the proportion and types of main nutrients in compound fertilizers, so it is impossible to achieve the ratio of nutrients on demand in different fertilization grids according to the differences in soil nutrient distribution and crop growth

②The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio information contained in the fertilization prescription used in soil testing formula fertilization and precise variable fertilization cannot be completed by such variable fertilization machines, so the idea of ​​precision agriculture cannot be fully realized

However, when the mixing ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers required by the farmland changes with the advancement of the traction machine, since there are already mixed nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers in the mixed flow chamber, after the mixing of the screw auger, the mixing The proportion of nutrient elements after mixing is not the element ratio required by the current farmland grid nodes, and the time lag of variable fertilization control is very large, so it is impossible to control the required nitrogen and phosphorus online in real time according to the different farmland grid nodes , Potassium element fertilizer amount and ratio variables

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