Integrated tapered slit cold-end heat exchanger of linear pulse tube refrigerator and manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated tapered cold-end heat exchanger for a linear pulse tube refrigerator and a manufacturing method. The heat exchanger mainly comprises a shell, a tapered slit body and a T-shaped guide core column, wherein the shell is a main heat-dispersing surface and a coupled interface, protects the tapered slit body and the T-shaped guide core column and is connected with a regenerator and a pulse tube; the tapered slit body is cut inside the shell by a low-speed wire cutting technology; the T-shaped guide core column is arranged in the center; and a core column slit is cut on the guide core column. According to the heat exchanger, the heat exchanging area is maximized within a limited volume by uniformly cutting the tapered slit in unequal diameters; the cutting way makes a natural transition from a large diameter end to a small diameter end; the thermal resistance and flow loss are minimized; and the gas in the pulse tube is laminarized without an additional gas director. The heat exchanger greatly improves the performance of the whole linear pulse tube refrigerator and is very significant to the practicality of the linear pulse tube refrigerator, aerospace application and other aspects.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a pulse tube refrigerator, in particular to an integrated tapered slit cold end heat exchanger of a linear pulse tube refrigerator and a manufacturing method thereof. Background technique [0002] The pulse tube refrigerator is a major innovation of the regenerative cryogenic refrigerator. It cancels the cold-end ejector widely used in conventional regenerative low-temperature refrigerators (such as Stirling or G-M refrigerators), and uses the operation of the hot-end phasing mechanism to realize the phase difference required for refrigeration. The complete cancellation of moving parts at the cold end has achieved low vibration, low interference and no wear at the cold end; and through a series of important improvements in structure and phase adjustment methods, in some typical temperature regions, its actual efficiency has reached the regenerative type Highest value among cryogenic refrigerators. These remarkable advantages ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0014] 1) The heat exchange area of ​​the internal airflow formed by the connecting pipeline is limited, which is not conducive to achieving efficient heat exchange, especially with the increase of the structure of the refrigerator and the size of the cold head, the tendency of incomplete heat exchange increases, which reduces the cooling efficiency ;

[0015] 2) The air flow from the regenerator to the pulse tube has two variable cross-section flows, resulting in a large flow loss;

[0018] 1) Since the regenerator is larger than the outer diameter of the pulse tube, it is difficult for a part of the gas at the inner and outer edges of the heat exchanger to participate in the gas flow, and it is easy to form a dead volume, which affects the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger;

[0019] 2) There is still a large flow loss at the variable cross-section connecting the regenerator and the vessel;

[0022] 1) Since the pulse tube is smaller than the outer diameter of the regenerator, the heat exchanger in the pulse tube cannot fully utilize the cold generated by the cold end of the regenerator with a larger cross-sectional area, which greatly affects the efficiency of the heat exchanger;

[0023] 2) The airflow from the regenerator to the pulse tube still produces a large flow loss at the variable section;

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