A method for controlling water, fertilizer and salt of sunflower in mildly saline-alkali land

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling sunflower water-fertilizer salt in a slight alkaline land. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting the slight alkaline land, (2) carrying out leaching before sowing, (3) carrying out land consolidation, and (4) selecting varieties, selecting '3638' sunflowers, and carrying out film mulching plantation. At the squaring stage of the sunflowers, irrigation water is 52 m3 / mu, and at the full duration stage of sunflower growth, the application number of the fertilizers is that base fertilizer diamine is 25 kg / mu, and topdressing urea is 15 kg / mu. The salt accumulating degree of a sunflower land using the regulation and control technology is lower than the salt accumulating degree of a local level, and water is saved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and relates to a method for controlling water, fertilizer and salt of sunflowers in mildly saline-alkali land. Background technique [0002] According to the second soil census in my country, the area of ​​saline-alkali land resources in China is about 527 million mu. However, about 100 million mu of saline-alkali cultivated land that can be developed and utilized in the near future is mainly distributed in North China, Northwest China, Northeast my country and coastal areas. Among them, the Hetao irrigation area in Inner Mongolia has a total land area of ​​17.84 million mu, which is a typical area where soil salinization develops in China. Mildly salinized soil (salt content 2-4g / kg) accounts for 24% of the cultivated land area. Affected by factors such as unreasonable irrigation and fertilization, the area of ​​secondary salinized soil is still expanding. Sunflower is one of the main...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in order to pursue higher yields, farmers have generally applied a large amount of fertilizers blindly in recent years, making the negative ecological effects caused by the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus far from the yield gains of crops.

Coupled with unreasonable flood irrigation, the groundwater table rises, phreatic evaporation increases, and the secondary salinization of the soil intensifies

At present, in order to ensure the yield of mildly saline-alkaline crops, most of the focus is on macro-qualitative aspects such as soil improvement and field research and development, but there is no detailed and specific operation mode for the qualitative and quantitative aspects of water, fertilizer and salt regulation to improve crop yields in mildly saline-alkali land, especially for Hetao, Inner Mongolia. The characteristics of the irrigated area and the similar natural conditions do not have a suitable water, fertilizer and salt control mode, which is not convenient for farmers to promote and apply. It is also one of the important reasons for soil salinization caused by excessive irrigation and fertilization in pursuit of high yield.

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