Power generator
A technology of power generation device and generator, applied in wind power generation, hydroelectric power generation, transmission device, etc., can solve the problems of increasing the position detector, the diameter of the large shaft of the propeller shaft, etc., and achieve the effect of reducing the size
Inactive Publication Date: 2013-10-30
YASKAWA DENKI KK
5 Cites 4 Cited by
AI-Extracted Technical Summary
Problems solved by technology
[0004] However, the attachment of the position detector to the propeller shaft increases the...
Method used
[0033] In the wind power generation device 1 according to the first embodiment, the input shaft and the output shaft of the speed increasing gear 12, the input shaft of the generator 13, the rotating shaft 170 and the detecting shaft 180 are arranged with their central axis and the propeller shaft The center axis R of 150 (ie, the rotation axis of propeller 130 ) coincides. Such alignment is also described as the arrangement of these devices coaxially with the propeller shaft 150 . This alignment enables a reduction in the size of the nacelle 120 housing these devices.
[0050] Since it is not necessary to provide any wiring from the propeller 130 in the detection shaft 180 unlike the rotation shaft 170, the detection shaft 180 can be formed as a solid shaft. Therefore, the detection shaft 180 can be formed to have a shaft diameter smaller than that of the rotation shaft 170 while maintaining the same strength as the rotation shaft 170 . In the wind power generator 1 according to the first embodiment, the position detector 16 is provided on the detection shaft 180 having a shaft diameter smaller than that of the rotation shaft 170, the size of the position detector 16 can be further reduced and the position detector 16 can be further reduced. The mechanical stress appli...
Abstract
A power generator according to an embodiment includes a hollow shaped speed-increasing gear, a hollow shaped power generation unit, a rotor shaft, and a position detector. With the input shaft and the output shaft of the hollow shaped speed-increasing gear coaxially disposed with a propeller shaft, and coupled to the propeller shaft. With the input shaft of the power generation unit coaxially disposed with the speed-increasing gear, the power generation unit generates power through the output of the speed-increasing gear. The rotor shaft is coaxially disposed with the speed-increasing gear and the power generation unit and rotates integrally with a propeller while being provided in hollow portions of the speed-increasing gear and the power generation unit. The position detector detects a rotational position of the propeller by detecting the rotational position of the rotor shaft.
Application Domain
Engine fuctionsToothed gearings +10
Technology Topic
PropellerEngineering +2
Image
Examples
- Experimental program(1)
Example Embodiment
[0016] The embodiments of the power generation device will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, the power generation device is applied to a wind power generation device. However, the power generation device can also be applied to power generation devices using propellers other than wind power generation devices. For example, the power generation device can be applied to a tidal energy power generation device that uses propellers rotated by ocean currents to generate electric power.
[0017] figure 1 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the wind power generator according to the first embodiment. Such as figure 1 As shown in, the wind power generation device 1 includes a wind power generation unit 10 and a power conversion device 20, and supplies power to the power system 30. In order to easily understand the present invention, from figure 1 Some components are omitted from the. In the following description, in order to make the positional relationship clearer, the X axis and the Y axis orthogonal to each other are set, and the positive direction on the X axis is defined as the vertical upward direction.
[0018] The wind power generation unit 10 includes a tower 110, a windmill 140 having a nacelle 120 and a propeller 130. The propeller 130 includes a hub 130a and a plurality of blades 130b attached at different positions of the hub 130a.
[0019] The blade 130b is set so that its pitch angle can be changed. The pitch angle is defined as the angle between the plane of rotation of the propeller 130 and the chord of the blade 130b. The smaller the pitch angle, the larger the wind receiving area of the blade 130b. In other words, the drag force of the wind on the blade 130b increases, and therefore, more energy can be generated from the wind.
[0020] The nacelle 120 is rotatably supported by the tower 110. The nacelle 120 accommodates therein the generator 13 coupled to the propeller 130 through the propeller shaft 150. The generator 13 is a rotating electric machine that can also be used as a motor. For example, the generator 13 is a permanent magnet rotating electric machine. The propeller shaft 150 is connected to the hub 130 a of the propeller 130.
[0021] The power generated by the generator 13 is output to the power conversion device 20, and the power conversion device 20 performs power conversion. After that, the converted electric power is supplied to the electric power system 30. The structure and operation of the power conversion device 20 will be described below.
[0022] The nacelle 120 also houses therein a position detector 16 that detects the rotational position of the propeller 130 rotated by the wind. In the first embodiment, the position detector 16 is an absolute value encoder. The absolute encoder detects the absolute position. Therefore, even when the propeller 130 rotates due to, for example, strong wind during a power failure, the position detector 16 can detect the current rotation position of the propeller 130 without performing an origin return operation.
[0023] The rotational position of the propeller 130 detected by the position detector 16 is output to the pitch control unit 50 through the centralized control unit 40. After obtaining the rotation position of the propeller 130 through the centralized control unit 40, the pitch control unit 50 performs a pitch control process of changing the pitch angle of each blade 130b according to the rotation position of the propeller 130. The specific operations of the centralized control unit 40 and the pitch control unit 50 will be described below.
[0024] In many cases, in terms of strength or power generation efficiency, the shaft diameter of the propeller shaft is generally formed to be relatively large. Therefore, when a position detector for detecting the rotation position of the propeller is attached to the propeller shaft and the position detector detects the rotation position of the propeller by detecting the rotation position of the propeller shaft, the size of the position detector may increase.
[0025] In addition, since the transmittable torque increases as the shaft diameter increases, when the position detector is attached to a propeller shaft having a larger shaft diameter, a large mechanical stress may be applied to the position detector.
[0026] In the propeller 130, some devices are provided, such as a pitch driving unit that changes the pitch angle of the blade 130b by driving the blade 130b. In the nacelle 120, for example, a slip ring 15 that supplies power to these devices is provided.
[0027] Specifically, the wind power generation device 1 includes a rotating shaft coupled to the propeller 130, and wiring from the propeller 130 is provided therein, and the slip ring 15 is attached to the rotating shaft. The slip ring 15 includes a rotating unit to which the wiring from the propeller 130 is connected and a fixed unit electrically connected to the rotating unit. The wiring from the propeller 130 is connected to the external wiring through the rotating unit and the fixing unit of the slip ring 15. As a result, it is possible to exchange power and signals between a device provided in the propeller 130 that rotates together with the propeller 130 and an external device that does not rotate.
[0028] In this way, in addition to the propeller shaft 150, the wind power generator 1 also includes a rotating shaft that rotates integrally with the propeller 130. In the wind power generator 1 according to the first embodiment, the position detector 16 detects the rotation position of the propeller 130 by detecting the rotation position of the rotation shaft.
[0029] The rotating shaft has a shaft diameter smaller than the shaft diameter of the propeller shaft 150, so that the size of the position detector 16 can be further reduced compared with the case where the position detector 16 is attached to the propeller shaft 150 to detect the rotational position of the propeller shaft 150 , And also makes it possible to reduce the mechanical stress applied to the position detector 16.
[0030] Hereinafter, the arrangement and connection relationship of the position detector 16 will be described in detail. figure 2 It is a schematic side view showing the structure of the device arranged in the nacelle 120.
[0031] Such as figure 2 As shown in the figure, in addition to the generator 13, the slip ring 15, and the position detector 16, a bearing unit 11, a speed increasing gear 12, a brake 14, an output shaft 160, a rotation shaft 170, and a detection shaft 180 are also provided in the nacelle 120. .
[0032] The bearing unit 11, the speed increasing gear 12, the generator 13, the brake 14, the slip ring 15, and the position detector 16 are arranged in this order from the side closest to the propeller 130. Hereinafter, the side where the propeller 130 is provided is defined as the front side of the wind power generator 1, and the other side where the position detector 16 is provided is referred to as the back side of the wind power generator 1.
[0033] In the wind power generator 1 according to the first embodiment, the input shaft and the output shaft of the speed increasing gear 12, the input shaft of the generator 13, the rotation shaft 170, and the detection shaft 180 are arranged such that the center axis is the center of the propeller shaft 150 The axis R (ie, the axis of rotation of the propeller 130) coincides. This alignment is also described as the arrangement of these devices coaxially with the propeller shaft 150. This alignment can reduce the size of the nacelle 120 that houses these devices.
[0034] The bearing unit 11 is a component that rotatably supports the propeller shaft 150 using a roller bearing, for example. The speed increasing gear 12 whose input shaft is connected to the propeller shaft 150 increases the rotation of the propeller shaft 150 and outputs the increased rotation. The input shaft and the output shaft of the speed increasing gear 12 are arranged on the same axis as the central axis wiring R of the propeller shaft 150 (ie, arranged coaxially with the propeller shaft 150).
[0035] In the first embodiment, figure 2 The output shaft 160 shown in corresponds to the output shaft of the speed increasing gear 12. That is, in the first embodiment, the output shaft 160 of the speed increasing gear 12 also serves as the input shaft of the generator 13, passes through the generator 13 and extends to the rear of the generator 13. The structure of the output shaft of the speed increasing gear 12 is not limited to this example. The output shaft of the speed increasing gear 12 and the input shaft of the generator 13 may be formed separately.
[0036] The generator 13 generates electric power by the output from the speed increasing gear 12. Specifically, the generator 13 converts the rotational energy input from the output shaft 160 of the speed increasing gear 12 into electric energy. In the same manner as the speed increasing gear 12, the input shaft (ie, the output shaft 160) of the generator 13 is arranged coaxially with the propeller shaft 150. Will be referenced below Figure 4 The specific structures of the speed increasing gear 12 and the generator 13 are described.
[0037] The brake 14 is provided on a portion of the output shaft 160 that extends to the rear of the generator 13, and stops the rotation of the output shaft 160 by using friction generated by the contact between the brake 14 and the output shaft 160, thereby stopping the rotation of the propeller 130. For example, the brake 14 is based on the control unit 40 (see figure 1 ) Command to operate.
[0038] The slip ring 15 is an electric collector for exchanging power and signals between a device such as a pitch drive unit arranged in the propeller 130 and an external device, and is connected to the propeller 130 through a rotating shaft 170. Will refer to image 3 The connection relationship between the propeller 130 and the slip ring 15 is described. image 3 It is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the propeller 130 and the slip ring 15.
[0039] For easy understanding, in image 3 Only one blade 130b is shown in. In addition, in image 3 Only the devices and wiring corresponding to a single blade 130b are shown in, and the devices and wiring corresponding to other blades 130b are omitted.
[0040] Such as image 3 As shown in, in the hub 130a of the propeller 130, a pitch drive unit 31 that changes the pitch angle of the blade 130b according to a command from the pitch control unit 50 is provided. In the blade 130b, a position detector 32 is provided.
[0041] The pitch drive unit 31 includes a gear 31a, a motor 31b, and an alternating current (AC) driver 31c. In the pitch drive unit 31, the AC driver 31c drives the motor 31b to rotate the gear 31a, thereby rotating the blade 130b connected to the gear 31a. As a result, the pitch angle of the blade 130b is changed. The position detector 32 is, for example, an absolute value encoder that detects the current pitch angle of the blade 130b and outputs the detected pitch angle to the pitch control unit 50.
[0042] The AC driver 31c includes a feeder cable 81 and a signal line 82. The position detector 32 is provided with a signal line 83. The feeder cable 81 and the signal lines 82 and 83 are connected to the rotating unit 151 of the slip ring 15.
[0043] On the other hand, the pitch control unit 50 and the power feeding unit 60 are connected to the fixing unit 152 of the slip ring 15. When the rotating unit 151 rotates together with the propeller 130, the fixed unit 152 maintains electrical connection with the rotating unit 151.
[0044] Therefore, the pitch driving unit 31 and the position detector 32 arranged in the propeller 130 are electrically connected to the pitch control unit 50 and the power feeding unit 60 through the rotating unit 151 and the fixing unit 152 of the slip ring 15. Will be referenced below Figure 5 The specific structure of the slip ring 15 is described.
[0045] The pitch control unit 50 obtains the pitch angle information of the blade 130 b from the position detector 32 through the signal line 83 and the slip ring 15, and transmits the control signal to the AC driver 31 c through the slip ring 15 and the signal line 82. The power feeding unit 60 supplies power to the AC driver 31c through the slip ring 15 and the feeding cable 81.
[0046] In this way, the slip ring 15 can electrically connect the pitch drive unit 31 and the position detector 32 on the rotating unit side to the pitch control unit 50 and the power feeding unit 60 on the fixed unit side.
[0047] Such as image 3 As shown in, the feeder cable 81 and the signal lines 82 and 83 are provided in the rotating shaft 170 and connected to the rotating unit 151 of the slip ring 15. Rotating shaft 170 and propeller 150 (see figure 2 ) Coaxially arranged. One end of the rotating shaft 170 is fixed to the propeller 130 and the other end thereof is connected to the rotating unit 151 of the slip ring 15.
[0048] That is, the rotating unit 151 of the slip ring 15 is connected to the propeller 130 through the rotating shaft 170. As a result, the rotating unit 151 rotates coaxially with the propeller 130.
[0049] In the wind power generator 1 according to the first embodiment, the detection shaft 180 is provided on the rear side of the rotation unit 151 of the slip ring 15, and the position detector 16 detects the rotation position of the propeller 130 by detecting the rotation position of the detection shaft 180.
[0050] Since, unlike the rotating shaft 170, the detection shaft 180 does not require any wiring from the propeller 130, the detection shaft 180 can be formed as a solid shaft. Therefore, the detection shaft 180 can be formed to have a shaft diameter smaller than that of the rotation shaft 170 while maintaining the same strength as the rotation mechanism 170. In the wind power generator 1 according to the first embodiment, the position detector 16 is provided on the detection shaft 180 having a shaft diameter smaller than that of the rotating shaft 170, the size of the position detector 16 can be further reduced and the size of the position detector 16 can be further reduced. The mechanical stress applied to the position detector 16 is small.
[0051] Such as image 3 As shown in, the position detector 16 is connected to the propeller 130, and there is no transmission mechanism such as a speed increasing gear or a reducer inserted therebetween (that is, the position detector 16 is connected to the propeller only by a shaft rotating at the same rotational speed as the propeller 130 130). As a result, the position detector 16 can accurately detect the rotational position of the propeller 130.
[0052] The connection relationship between the position detector 16 and the propeller 130 will be described in more detail below with reference to the specific structures of the speed increasing gear 12, the generator 13, the slip ring 15, and the like. First, refer to Figure 4 The connection relationship between the rotating shaft 170 and the propeller 130 is described. Then, refer to Figure 5 The connection relationship between the rotating shaft 170 and the position detector 16 is described. Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional side view of the speed increasing gear 12 and the generator 13.
[0053] Such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the propeller shaft 150 is a hollow member with open ends. The propeller shaft 150 is connected to the hub 130 a of the propeller 130 at the front end, and rotates together with the propeller 130. The propeller shaft 150 transmits the rotation of the propeller 130 to the input shaft of the speed-increasing gear 12 and is defined as a propeller shaft having one end connected to the hub 130a and the other end connected to the input shaft of the speed-increasing gear 12 in the present embodiment.
[0054] The speed increasing gear 12 includes a frame 121 formed in a tubular shape and a ring 122 located in the frame 121, a connecting shaft 123, a planetary gear 124 and a bearing 125. For example, the frame 121 is fastened to the nacelle 120 by supports (not shown).
[0055] The ring 122 is the input shaft of the speed increasing gear 12. The ring 122 is fixed to the propeller shaft 150 through the connecting shaft 123, and the central axis of the ring 122 is aligned with the central axis R of the propeller shaft 150 (reference figure 2 ) Consistent. The ring 122 is rotatably fitted into a groove in the frame 121. The planetary gear 124 is rotatably arranged between the inner peripheral surface of the ring 122 and the outer peripheral surface of the output shaft 160.
[0056] The output shaft 160 serving as the output shaft of the speed increasing gear 12 has a shaft diameter smaller than the shaft diameter of the propeller shaft 150, and the central axis of the output shaft 160 coincides with the central axis of the propeller shaft 150. The output shaft 160 is rotatably supported by a bearing 125 fixed to the frame 121.
[0057] In the speed increasing gear 12 thus configured, the ring 122 rotates with the rotation of the hub 130a of the propeller 130. As the ring 122 rotates, the planetary gear 124 rotates around the output shaft 160 while rotating. As the planetary gear 124 rotates around the output shaft 160, the output shaft 160 rotates.
[0058] In this way, the speed increasing gear 12 increases the rotation speed of the propeller shaft 150 (the rotation speed of the propeller 130) and outputs the increased rotation as the rotation of the output shaft 160. Therefore, the output shaft 160 rotates at a higher speed than the propeller 130.
[0059] In the first embodiment, the speed increasing gear 12 includes a one-stage planetary gear mechanism, and the speed increasing gear 12 may include a multi-stage planetary gear mechanism. The multi-stage planetary gear mechanism can rotate the output shaft 160 at a higher speed increase rate.
[0060] In the first embodiment, the speed increasing gear 12 is a planetary gear, however, the speed increasing gear 12 is not limited to a planetary gear. For example, the speed increasing gear 12 may be a planetary roller. The star gear mechanism or planet roller mechanism can distribute the load to its planet gears or planet rollers, so it is not prone to wear and damage. Therefore, the speed increasing gear 12 including the planetary gear mechanism or the planetary roller mechanism can enhance the reliability of the wind power generator 1.
[0061] In addition, the planetary type speed-increasing gear can make its input shaft and output shaft coaxially arranged. As a result, the speed increasing gear 12 including only the planetary gear mechanism or the planetary roller mechanism enables the propeller shaft 150, the speed increasing gear 12, the generator 13, the slip ring 15 and the position detector 16 to be coaxially arranged. In addition, as described later, the rotating shaft 170 arranged coaxially with the propeller shaft 150 can be provided in the hollow portion of the output shaft 160 and connected to the propeller 130.
[0062] In the first embodiment, the propeller shaft 150 is connected to the ring 122. However, the propeller shaft 150 may be connected to the planetary gear 124 through a connecting shaft. In this case, the planetary gear 124 serves as the input shaft of the speed increasing gear 12.
[0063] The generator 13 generates electric power by the rotation of the output shaft 160. The generator 13 includes a frame 131, a stator 132, a rotation 133 and a bearing 134.
[0064] For example, the frame 131 is formed in a tubular shape, and is fixed to the nacelle 120 by a support (not shown). The bearing 134 fixed to the frame 131 rotatably supports the output shaft 160.
[0065] In the first embodiment, the output shaft 160 extends beyond the generator 13 to attach the brake 14 to the output shaft 160. However, the output shaft 160 does not need to extend beyond the generator 13. In this case, a brake is provided to the propeller shaft 150 in the wind power generator 1, and the propeller 130 can be stopped by stopping the rotation of the propeller shaft 150 with the brake.
[0066] The stator 132 is fixed to the inner circumference of the frame 131 of the generator 13. The stator 132 includes a stator core 132a and a stator coil 132b. The rotation 133 is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the stator 132 to face the stator 132 with a gap inserted therebetween. The rotation 133 includes a tubular-shaped rotating core 133 a provided on the outer peripheral surface of the output shaft 160 and a plurality of permanent magnets 133 b arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotating core 133 a, and rotates coaxially with the output shaft 160.
[0067] In the generator 13 configured as described above, the rotor 133 rotates with the rotation of the output shaft 160, thereby generating a current in the stator coil 132b of the stator 132.
[0068] The frame 131 of the generator 13 is fixed to the frame 121 of the speed increasing gear 12. That is, the frame 131 of the generator 13 and the frame 121 of the speed increasing gear 12 are formed integrally. In other words, the output shaft 160, which is the output shaft of the speed increasing gear 12 and also the input shaft of the generator 13, is not exposed to the outside between the speed increasing gear 12 and the generator 13 (ie, the output shaft is covered by the frame 121 and the frame 131). 160).
[0069] The generator 13 is integrated with the speed-increasing gear 12, that is, the generator 13 is formed as a generator having a speed-increasing gear, and the size of the nacelle 120 that accommodates the generator 13 and the speed-increasing gear 12 can be reduced.
[0070] As described above, the output shaft 160, which is a hollow member having open ends, and the propeller shaft 150 are arranged coaxially. In the wind power generator 1 of the first embodiment, the rotating shaft 170 is provided in the hollow portion of the output shaft 160.
[0071] The rotating shaft 170 is arranged coaxially with the propeller shaft 150 and the output shaft 160, and is provided in the hollow part of the output shaft 160 (ie, the hollow part of the speed increasing gear 12 and the generator 13) and the hollow part of the propeller shaft 150 to fix To the hub 130a of the propeller 130.
[0072] The rotating shaft 170 is formed in a hollow shape having open ends. The wiring from the propeller 130 (for example, the feeder cable 81 and the signal lines 82 and 83) is provided in the rotating shaft 170.
[0073] The rotating shaft 170 is connected to the rotating unit 151 of the slip ring 15 at the other end opposite to the end connected to the hub 130a. The position detector 16 according to the first embodiment is connected to the rotation shaft 170 through the rotation unit 151 of the slip ring 15 and the detection shaft 180.
[0074] Below, will refer to Figure 5 Describe the connection relationship between the rotating shaft 170 and the position detector 16 in more detail, Figure 5 The structure of the slip ring 15 and the detection shaft 180 is shown. Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional side view of the slip ring 15.
[0075] Such as Figure 5 As shown in, the slip ring 15 includes a rotating unit 151, a fixed unit 152, a frame 153 and a bearing 154. For example, the frame 153 is fixed to the nacelle 120 by a support (not shown).
[0076] The rotating unit 151 is a hollow tubular member with only an open front end. The rotating unit 151 is connected to the rotating shaft 170 at the front end, and its central axis coincides with the central axis of the rotating shaft. The rotating unit 151 is rotatably supported by a bearing 154 fixed to the frame 153. Therefore, the rotating unit 151 rotates integrally with the propeller 130 and the rotating shaft 170.
[0077] The rotating unit 151 is provided with slip rings 151a, 151b, and 151c. The feeder cable 81 and the signal lines 82, 83 provided in the hollow portion of the output shaft 160 are connected to the slip rings 151a, 151b, and 151c, respectively.
[0078] The fixing unit 152 includes terminals 152a, 152b, and 152c fixed to the frame 153 and brushes 152d, 152e, and 152f provided to the terminals 152a, 152b, and 152c, respectively.
[0079] The brushes 152d, 152e, and 152f are held in contact with the slip rings 151a, 151b, and 151c of the rotating unit 151, respectively. As a result, during the rotation of the rotating unit 151, the electrical connection between the slip rings 151a, 151b, and 151c and the brushes 152d, 152e, and 152f is maintained. The terminal 152a is connected to the power feeding unit 60, and the terminals 152b and 152c are connected to the pitch control unit 50.
[0080] In the slip ring 15 configured as described above, the rotating unit 151 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 170 and the propeller 130, and the brushes 152d, 152e, and 152f of the fixed unit 152 are connected to the slip ring 151a, 151b of the rotating rotating unit 151, respectively. , 151c slidingly contact. As a result, the pitch driving unit 31 and the position detector 32 arranged in the propeller 130 (reference image 3 ) Is electrically connected to the pitch control unit 50 and/or the power feeding unit 60.
[0081] in Figure 5 Among them, three slip rings, three terminals, and three brushes are provided to the slip ring 15. The number of slip rings, terminals, and brushes provided to the slip ring 15 is not limited Figure 5 The example shown in.
[0082] In this way, one end of the rotation unit 151 of the slip ring 15 is connected to the rotation shaft 170, and the rotation unit 151 rotates integrally with the rotation shaft 170 and the propeller 130.
[0083] The other end of the rotation unit 151 is connected to a detection shaft 180 having a shaft diameter smaller than that of the rotation shaft 170. The detection shaft 180 is arranged coaxially with the propeller shaft 150, the rotation shaft 170 and the rotation unit 151.
[0084] The detection shaft 180 includes a first shaft 180a, a second shaft 180b, and a shaft coupling 180c. The first shaft 180 a is fixed to the rotation unit 151, and the second shaft 180 b is fixed to the position detector 16. The first shaft 180a and the second shaft 180b are coaxially coupled to each other by a shaft coupling 180c.
[0085] As described above, the detection shaft 180 is arranged to be coaxial with the rotation shaft 170 and the rotation unit 151 and rotate integrally with the rotation unit 151. The position detector 16 can detect the rotation position of the propeller 130 by detecting the rotation position of the detection shaft 180.
[0086] The rotational position of the propeller 130 detected by the position detector 16 is output to the centralized control unit 40 and then output to the pitch control unit 50 and the power conversion device 20 by the centralized control unit 40.
[0087] Will refer again figure 1 , The power conversion device 20, the centralized control unit 40, and the pitch control unit 50 are described. The power conversion device 20 includes a power conversion unit 21, a conversion controller 22 and an operation unit 23. The power conversion device 20 is arranged in the tower body 110.
[0088] The power conversion unit 21 performs two-way conversion of power between the wind power generation unit 10 and the power system 30. For example, a matrix converter can be used as the power conversion unit 21.
[0089] The conversion controller 22 executes power generation control processing in which the conversion controller 22 outputs a control signal to the power conversion unit 21 to cause the power conversion unit to perform power conversion that converts the power from the generator 13 to the power system 30. As a result, the power generated by the generator 13 is converted from direct current to direct current (DC-DC conversion) by the power conversion unit 21 and the converted power is supplied to the power system 30.
[0090] In addition, the conversion controller 22 performs a propeller position control process, in which the conversion controller 22 outputs a control signal to the power conversion unit 21 so that the power conversion unit 21 performs power conversion of the power supplied from the power system 30 to the generator 13, And the generator 13 is used as a motor to control the rotation position of the propeller 130. For example, in the replacement process of the blade 130b, the propeller position control process is performed based on the operation by the operation unit 23.
[0091] That is, the conversion controller 22 generates a control signal based on the rotation position of the propeller 130 detected by the position detector 16 and the target position specified by the operation of the operation unit 23 so that the rotation position of the propeller 130 matches the target position. Then, the conversion controller 22 outputs the generated control signal to the power conversion unit 21. As a result, the rotational position of the propeller 130 can be adjusted to coincide with a target position such as a position set in advance for each blade 130b as a position for easily attaching and removing the blade 130b.
[0092] As described above, the conversion controller 22 performs the power generation control process and the propeller position control process by outputting a control signal to the power conversion unit 21 so that the power conversion unit 21 converts power bidirectionally between the generator 13 and the power system 30.
[0093] The wind power generation device 1 including the centralized control unit 40 and the pitch control unit 50 performs a pitch control process based on the rotational position of the propeller 130 output from the position detector 16, in which the pitch angle of the blade 130b is changed according to the position of the blade 130b . The centralized control unit 40 is provided in, for example, the tower body 110. The pitch control unit 50 is provided in, for example, the nacelle 120.
[0094] The centralized control unit 40 obtains the rotational position of the propeller 130 from the position detector 16 and outputs the obtained rotational position to the pitch control unit 50. As described above, the rotational position of the propeller 130 detected by the position detector 16 is output to the pitch control unit 50 through the centralized control unit 40.
[0095] After obtaining the rotation position of the propeller 130 detected by the position detector 16 through the centralized control unit 40, the pitch control unit 50 generates a pitch angle change command for each blade 130b according to the rotation angle of the propeller 130, and generates The pitch angle change command for each blade 130b changes the pitch angle of each blade 130b.
[0096] As described above, the wind power generator 1 according to the first embodiment includes the hollow-shaped speed-increasing gear 12, the hollow-shaped generator 13, the rotating shaft 170, and the position detector 16.
[0097] The speed increasing gear 12 whose input shaft (ring 122) and output shaft (output shaft 160) are arranged coaxially with the propeller shaft 150 increases the rotation of the propeller shaft 150 and outputs the increased rotation. The generator 13 whose input shaft (output shaft 160) is arranged coaxially with the speed-increasing gear 12 generates electric power through the output of the speed-increasing gear 12. A rotating shaft 170 arranged coaxially with the speed increasing gear 12 and the generator 13 rotates integrally with the propeller 130 while being disposed in the hollow portion of the speed increasing gear 12 and the generator 13. The position detector 16 detects the rotation position of the propeller 130 by detecting the rotation position of the rotation shaft 170.
[0098] That is, in the wind power generator 1 according to the first embodiment, since the position detector 16 detects the rotational position of the rotating shaft 170 having a shaft diameter smaller than that of the propeller shaft 150, the position detector 16 detects the propeller shaft 150 The size of the position detector 16 can be reduced compared to the case of the rotational position of φ.
[0099] In the wind power generator 1 according to the first embodiment, the input shaft (ring 122) and the output shaft 160 of the speed increasing gear 12, and the input shaft (ie, the output shaft 160) of the generator 13 are all formed as hollow shafts, and rotate The shaft 170 is provided in the hollow portion of the speed increasing gear 12 and the generator 13. As a result, the devices provided in the nacelle 12 can be arranged more compactly. In addition, the rotating shaft 170 can be formed in a straight shape, so that the central axis of the rotating shaft 170 can be easily aligned with the central axis R of the propeller shaft 150.
[0100] In the first embodiment, the rotating shaft 170 is a hollow member in which wiring from the propeller 130 is provided. In addition to the rotating shaft 170, the wind power generator 1 includes a slip ring 15 connected to the rotating shaft 170 at one end and a detection shaft 180 connected to the other end of the slip ring 15 and rotating together with the rotating shaft 170. The position detector 16 detects the rotation position of the propeller 130 by detecting the rotation position of the rotation shaft 170 using the detection shaft 180. The detection shaft 180 can be formed to have a shaft diameter smaller than the shaft diameter of the rotation shaft 170, thereby making it possible to further reduce the size of the position detector 16.
[0101] The position detector 16 according to the first embodiment is arranged at the last position of the device in the nacelle 120, such as figure 2 Shown in. This arrangement enables the position detector 16 to be easily attached, removed or maintained.
[0102] Because the rotating shaft 170 is provided on the propeller 130, the rotating shaft 170 can transmit the rotation of the propeller 130 more directly.
[0103] In the first embodiment, the rotating shaft 170 is provided on the propeller 130, however, the rotating shaft 170 does not need to be directly connected to the propeller 130.
[0104] In the second embodiment, refer to Image 6 An example in which the rotating shaft 170 and the propeller 130 are indirectly connected is described. Image 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional side view showing another structure of the rotating shaft 170. In the following description, the same components as those described in the first embodiment are indicated by the same reference numerals, and repeated descriptions will be omitted.
[0105] Such as Image 6 As shown in, in the wind power generator 1a according to the second embodiment, the rotating shaft 170a is provided on the propeller shaft 150a. The propeller shaft 150a and the rotating shaft 170a may be integrally formed or connected to each other after being formed as separate parts.
[0106] Similar to the rotating shaft 170 according to the first embodiment, the rotating shaft 170 a is arranged coaxially with the propeller shaft 150 a and is connected to the front end of the slip ring 15. The rotating shaft 170a is formed in a hollow shape. The wiring from the hub 130a (for example, the feeder cable 81, the signal lines 82, 83) is provided in the hollow portions of the propeller shaft 150a and the rotating shaft 170a, and is connected to the rotating unit 151 of the slip ring 15.
[0107] As described above, the rotating shaft 170a may be connected to the propeller 130 through the propeller shaft 150a. In this case, the rotating shaft 170a also rotates integrally with the hub 130a of the propeller 130. As a result, similar to the first embodiment, the position detector 16 can detect the rotation position of the propeller 130 by detecting the rotation position of the rotation shaft 170a.
[0108] The wind power generator 1a according to the second embodiment in which the rotating shaft 170a is provided to the propeller shaft 150a enables the axes of the propeller shaft 150a and the rotating shaft 170a to be easily aligned.
[0109] The axis of rotation is not limited to Image 6 The connection shown in. The rotating shaft may be fixed to the propeller and the propeller shaft, or may be provided to the propeller or the propeller shaft through a component provided to the propeller or the propeller shaft.
[0110] In the above embodiment, the rotating shaft is used as the shaft of the rotating unit from which the wiring from the propeller is connected to the slip ring. However, the rotating shaft may be used as a member dedicated to transmitting the rotation of the propeller to the position detector.
[0111] Reference below Figure 7 Describe the situation. Figure 7 It is a schematic side view showing another structure of the device arranged in the nacelle 120.
[0112] Such as Figure 7 As shown in, the difference between the wind power generator 1b according to the third embodiment and the wind power generator 1 according to the first embodiment is that the slip ring 15 is not arranged in the nacelle 120b. That is, in the wind power generator 1b, for example, the blade 130b_1 is attached to the hub 130a_1 at a fixed pitch angle or the pitch angle of the blade 130b_1 can be controlled through wireless communication. When the latter structure is adopted, the driving power of the pitch driving unit arranged in the hub 130a_1 can be supplied from a solar panel attached to the blade 130b_1 and generating power.
[0113] The rotating shaft 170 b according to the third embodiment is arranged coaxially with the speed increasing gear 12 and the generator 13, and rotates integrally with the propeller 130_1 while being provided in the hollow portion of the speed increasing gear 12 and the generator 13. The rotating shaft 170b may be provided to the hub 130a_1 in the same manner as the rotating shaft 170 according to the first embodiment or may be provided to the propeller shaft 150b in the same manner as the rotating shaft 170a according to the second embodiment.
[0114] The position detector 16b according to the third embodiment is connected to the rotating shaft 170b. The position detector 16b detects the rotation position of the propeller 130_1 by detecting the rotation position of the rotation shaft 170b.
[0115] In the wind power generator 1b according to the third embodiment, the position detector 16b is directly connected to the rotation shaft 170b and the slip ring 15 and the detection shaft 180 are not interposed therebetween. As a result, the rotation position of the propeller 130_1 can be detected more accurately.
[0116] Because the wiring from the propeller 130_1 is not required to be provided in the rotating shaft 170b, the rotating shaft 170b according to the third embodiment is not required to be formed as a hollow shaft, which is different from the rotating shafts 170 and 170a according to the first and second embodiments. When the rotating shaft 170b is formed as a solid shaft, compared to the case where the rotating shaft 170b is formed as a hollow shaft, the shaft diameter of the rotating shaft 170b can be further reduced while maintaining the strength of the rotating shaft 170b. As a result, the size of the position detector 16b can be reduced.
[0117] "Coaxial" is not a required feature. That is, these axes may have a slight deviation from each other. This applies to the description above. The "hollow shape" is not limited to the shape shown in the embodiment. This also applies to the description above.
PUM
Description & Claims & Application Information
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