Method of reciprocal distant hybridization between tidal flat Spartina alterniflora and rice

Abstract

The invention discloses a positive and reversed distant hybridization method of tideland smooth cordgrass and rice. The positive and reversed distant hybridization method comprises the following steps of sorting spikes, carrying out castration, pollinating and the like in positive and reversed hybridization processes. The positive and reversed distant hybridization method comprises (1) positive hybridization: rice (female)*smooth cordgrass (male): a method of carrying out hot air castration and flower promoting and pollen suction on rice (female), and pollinating smooth cordgrass (male) properly is adopted; rice spikes are treated by hot gas and anthers are adsorbed and removed by a pollen suction device, so that a process of killing male by warm liquid and carrying out spikelet shearing castration of a rice female parent is omitted; proper pollination is adopted so that a spikelet shearing flower promoting process of a smooth cordgrass male parent is omitted, and seeds obtained by hybridization are unhusked rice, but not rice grains, and the seeds have good grain-filling rate; and (2) reversed hybridization: smooth cordgrass (female)*rice (male): a continuous castration and pollination process of the smooth cordgrass (female) is adopted. The castration is carried out while the pollination is carried out so that a process of killing male of the smooth cordgrass (female) by the warm liquid and carrying out rice flower promotion of the smooth cordgrass (female) is omitted, and damage to spikelets is reduced. With the adoption of the two positive and reversed hybridization methods, the hybridization maturing rate, the emergence rate and the working efficiency are greatly improved. The positive and reversed distant hybridization method can be used for cultivating smooth cordgrass / rice anti-salt grain and feed dual-purpose type crops which are suitable for growing in saline and alkaline lands.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for front and back distant hybridization of tidal flat Spartina alterniflora and rice. Background technique [0002] At present, Spartina alterniflora Loisel. is the most widely distributed coastal area of ​​Spartina in China. It is a perennial herbaceous C4 plant of the genus Spartina Schreb. It was introduced into my country from the United States by Nanjing University in 1979. Spartina alterniflora has strong salt tolerance and is most suitable for growing in the mid-tidal zone of the beach. The stem of the plant is as high as 1-3m, the diameter is more than 1cm, and the grass yield is high. It is suitable for grazing and raising herbivores such as cattle and sheep. The panicles of Spartina alterniflora are 20-45cm long, and the spikelets are about 1cm long; the two stigmas of the pistil are very long, white and feathery, and are exposed outside when they bloom; the stamens and anthers are longitudinally cracked wh...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In 2005, it was found that Spartina alterniflora has excellent characteristics such as salt tolerance, but the seeds are small and the seed setting rate is low, so it is difficult to be used as feed to supply the nutritional needs of cattle and sheep

For rice ♀×Spartina alterniflora♂, it is necessary to detassell the female parent of rice. The existing rice detasseling methods have their own advantages and disadvantages: the glume clipping and detasseling method is a lot of work, which will cause greater damage to the spikelets and reduce fruiting. rate; the method of killing stamens in warm soup has a higher seed setting rate and higher technical requirements, so as to kill all the stamens without causing damage to the pistils; the method of killing males with a vacuum pump is fast, but requires supporting equipment and high cost; set black paper bags The detasseling method is convenient, but the bagging time is not easy to grasp

Images