Laser melting forming protection circulating dust-removing system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a laser melting forming protection circulating dust-removing system and method. The system comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity. An exhaust opening of the lower cavity communicates with an air inlet of the upper cavity. An exhaust opening of the upper cavity communicates with an air inlet of the lower cavity. The end of a second gas conveying pipeline extends in a cavity body of the lower cavity. A second electromagnetic valve is installed at the position, located in the cavity body of the lower cavity, of the second gas conveying pipeline. The part, outside the cavity body of the lower cavity, of the second gas conveying pipeline is sequentially connected with a dust filter, a draught fan and a first electromagnetic valve in series. In addition, the upper cavity communicates with a shield gas pipeline which is provided with a third electromagnetic valve. The laser melting forming protection circulating dust-removing system and method have the beneficial effects that firstly, the content of oxygen in a forming cavity can be controlled to be low in real time, and therefore the phenomenon that melt is instantly oxidized can be avoided, and the laser melting forming rate is increased; and secondly, smoke-shaped dust generated when lasers act on metal powder can be absorbed into the dust filter in time, the influences, on the subsequent forming quality, of the smoke-shaped dust are prevented, and the forming rate is increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal powder laser melting additive manufacturing, and in particular relates to a laser melting forming protection cycle dust removal system and method. Background technique [0002] "3D printing" technology, also known as incremental manufacturing technology, was born in the United States in the 1980s. The development of CAD (computer-aided design), CNC (digital control), automatic control, laser and other technologies is its predecessor. Because it has been developed for less than 30 years. "3D printing" technology is a manufacturing technology that integrates light / mechanical / electricity, computer, numerical control and new materials in the world's advanced manufacturing field. In this field, the technology gap between our country and the developed countries in the world is relatively small, almost on the same starting line. The reason why it is called incremental manufacturing is that it is differen...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] However, in the prior art, during the SLM forming process, the forming cavity is directly in the air environment, and the instantaneous temperature of the laser melting metal powder reaches above 2000°C, and the light spot is very small. take shape

Not only that, when the laser acts on the metal powder, the low melting point or volatile components in the metal powder will also sublimate instantaneously, producing smoky dust, and a longer forming time will affect the subsequent forming quality

It can be seen that the existing SLM forming process has the shortcomings of limited forming quality accuracy and low forming rate

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