Clean and efficient biomass micron fuel high-temperature industrial boiler

Abstract

The invention discloses a clean and efficient biomass micron fuel high-temperature industrial boiler. The boiler comprises a radiation heat exchange furnace, a convective heat exchange unit, an economizer, an air preheater and the like, wherein a heat insulation combustion chamber is arranged in the radiation heat exchange furnace, so that a relatively closed heat storage and combustion space is formed; the top of the combustion chamber is provided with a radiation heat exchange water cooling wall which is used for conducting efficient radiation heat exchange on the combustion chamber; the convective heat exchange unit and the radiation heat exchange furnace are arranged in a split mode; the convective heat exchange unit communicates with the radiation heat exchange furnace through a smoke outlet, and accordingly smoke produced after combustion is used for performing convective heat exchange; the economizer and the air preheater are sequentially arranged on the downstream side of the convective heat exchange unit, the smoke is used for preheating air, and then the heated air is conveyed to the radiation heat exchange furnace. Through the clean and efficient biomass micron fuel high-temperature industrial boiler, the combustion temperature up to 1500 DEG C or more can be obtained; the boiler thermal efficiency can reach 90% or more; the more requirements for heating of industrial steam and thermal oil furnaces are met; and meanwhile, compared with the prior art, a product does not contain tar basically and has no residual carbon and ash content.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of renewable clean energy equipment, and more specifically relates to a high-temperature industrial boiler with clean and efficient biomass micron fuel. Background technique [0002] There are 650,000 industrial boilers in my country, 85% of which are coal-fired boilers. Industrial boilers are of supportive significance to the national economy, consuming 700 million tons of standard coal each year, accounting for 20% of my country's annual coal output. However, the industrial system using coal as raw material emits a large amount of polluting smoke and dust into the environment every year, accounting for 33% of the total annual smoke and dust emissions in my country; in addition, in terms of raw materials, the shift to natural gas and oil will further accelerate the depletion of resources, Challenge the exploration of new energy sources. [0003] Biomass fuel refers to a new type of clean fuel that directly burns agr...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, further studies have shown that the above-mentioned prior art still has the following deficiencies or defects: First, for most of the current industrial applications such as high-efficiency boiler steam power generation systems, the combustion temperature of the fuel is required to be above 1500°C, which is Mainly due to the constraints of the Carnot cycle principle, only when the boiler fuel reaches a sufficiently high combustion temperature can high-pressure and high-temperature steam be generated, and then the converted mechanical energy can be used to achieve economically valuable power generation

[0005] However, the above-mentioned combustion temperature cannot be achieved only by relying on micron-scale biomass fuel or through the combustion method of dust cloud and heat storage body as in CN2714965Y; secondly, according to the analysis of chemical composition, biomass fuel is a complex Polymer hydrocarbon solid material is a fuel that is difficult to burn quickly, and because the components contain more carbon and less hydrogen, small molecules containing hydrogen will burn first, and tar, residual carbon, and solids that are difficult to contact and react with oxygen will inevitably be separated. In this way, when they stay in the furnace of industrial boilers for a relatively limited time, they cannot be fully contacted with oxygen for combustion in time, and will be separated from the combustion environment accordingly, becoming tar and carbon particles that waste energy and pollute the environment, and then form aerosols and Smog pollution source; biomass briquette fuel is compacted into dense particles with a diameter of about 10mm, the combustion rate is low, the temperature is low, and the tar and carbon particles produced by combustion are discharged together with the smoke, making the biomass briquette fuel It is also considered a highly polluting fuel by some regions and is not recommended for use

[0006] What is especially important is that biomass has been constrained by the ideas followed at home and abroad for thousands of years. The design of biomass fuel boilers using the layer combustion method of solid fuel coal is inseparable from large-area grates and large-area ash outlets. , resulting in a large amount of heat loss in industrial boilers, resulting in low structural thermal efficiency of boilers, which is determined by the characteristics of conventional biomass fuel layer combustion

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