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Self turn-on and turn-off pre-charge circuit to limit bulk capacitor inrush current

A technology of pre-charging circuit and switching circuit, applied in the direction of emergency protection circuit device for limiting overcurrent/overvoltage, battery disconnect circuit, battery circuit device, etc., which can solve the problem of damaging large-capacity capacitive loads, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2017-05-17
GM GLOBAL TECH OPERATIONS LLC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This is critical for applications that need to be switched on whenever the unit is in use, as repeated inrush currents can damage bulk capacitive loads

Method used

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  • Self turn-on and turn-off pre-charge circuit to limit bulk capacitor inrush current
  • Self turn-on and turn-off pre-charge circuit to limit bulk capacitor inrush current
  • Self turn-on and turn-off pre-charge circuit to limit bulk capacitor inrush current

Examples

Experimental program
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Embodiment Construction

[0020] To mitigate the inrush current, various inrush current limiters have been used. A fixed resistor can be placed in series with the capacitive load to limit the inrush current into the capacitor. However, this approach is inefficient due to the power consumption of the resistor as a function of the voltage drop across the resistor. This approach essentially steals power from the load due to power dissipation across the fixed resistor.

[0021] Negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors, which are resistive devices whose resistance changes according to their temperature, are also used. However, NTC thermistors are limited due to the limited temperature range in which they can effectively operate and the inability to limit inrush current on continuous energization of the circuit due to the time required to cool the NTC thermistor between energizations. has inherent disadvantages. A microprocessor controlled inrush current limiter is used to limit the inrush curre...

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PUM

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Abstract

A pre-charge circuit is disclosed for a vehicle including a battery and a load. The pre-charge circuit includes a time delay circuit configured to, in response to receiving power from the battery, generate a first voltage. The first voltage increases from a first value toward a second value. The pre-charge circuit includes a switch control circuit configured to, in response to the first voltage, provide a second voltage that follows the first voltage. The pre-charge circuit includes a switching circuit configured to selectively connect the battery to the load based on the second voltage and disconnect the load from the battery in response to the second voltage reaching a predetermined threshold value. The pre-charge circuit includes an output circuit configured to restrict an amount of power and inrush current that is provided from the battery to the load through the switching circuit.

Description

technical field [0001] The present disclosure relates to a precharge circuit designed to limit inrush current into a load. Background technique [0002] When DC power is applied to a capacitive load, the capacitor first draws a significant amount of current before approaching a steady state value. Because a capacitor's current is determined by its capacitance multiplied by the rate of change of voltage with respect to time, a step response in the input voltage will cause a large surge of current (called inrush current) into the capacitor. Although the inrush current can be limited by the equivalent series resistance of the capacitor, the inrush current can still cause considerable stress on the capacitor and can lead to premature failure of the capacitor. [0003] Limiting inrush current is especially important for those applications that need to be switched on whenever a device needs to be used, such as a control system in an automobile. An effective inrush current limite...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H02J7/00
CPCH02J7/0031B60L2240/527B60L2240/547B60L2240/80B60L2270/20B60L50/30H02H9/001Y02T10/70H02H9/002
Inventor S·M·N·哈桑T·P·菲利帕特
Owner GM GLOBAL TECH OPERATIONS LLC