Autonomous orbit control method for low-orbit remote sensing satellite

Abstract

The invention discloses an autonomous orbit control method for a low-orbit remote sensing satellite. The autonomous orbit control method comprises the following steps that firstly, the deviation between a current orbit semi-major axis and a nominal orbit semi-major axis is calculated on orbit in real time; secondly, the length of working time of an orbit-control engine is acquired according to orbit-control impulse, an apogee position is acquired through orbit extrapolation calculation autonomously, the time that the satellite arrives at the apogee position is taken as an orbit-control center moment, and the moment that the engine begins to ignite and the moment of brennschluss are acquired according to the length of working time of the orbit-control engine and the orbit-control center moment; and thirdly, the orbit-control engine is controlled to ignite autonomously according to the moment that the engine begins to ignite in the second step, then the orbit-control engine is controlled to conduct brennschluss autonomously according to the brennschluss moment in the second step, and finally the low-orbit remote sensing satellite completes state recovery. According to the autonomous orbit control method for the low-orbit remote sensing satellite, on-orbit autonomous compensation of the orbit semi-major axis error can be achieved on the condition without ground station support, the ground operation control cost of the satellite is lowered, and abilities of autonomous management and autonomous operating of the satellite are promoted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of satellite autonomous orbit control, in particular to a method for autonomous orbit control of low-orbit remote sensing satellites. Background technique [0002] Low-orbit remote sensing satellites generally adopt a sun-synchronous return to a near-circular orbit, with an orbital altitude between 400km and 900km. The sun-synchronous orbit can meet the requirements of the remote sensing system, because the remote sensing system using visible light imaging requires certain lighting conditions, and it is hoped that the lighting conditions will remain as constant as possible. The regression orbit has the characteristic of repeating the ground track, and its ground track is evenly distributed, so it can make the most effective use of the ground coverage of the remote sensing system, and at the same time, it can realize regular dynamic observation of any area. [0003] When the satellite is actually in orbit, d...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] However, this orbit control method in the prior art has the following problems: 1) It is not flexible enough to use—firstly, the current orbit parameters of the satellite must be measured by the ground station, and the relevant parameters for orbit control must be calculated; secondly, the multiple measurement and control arcs provided by the ground station track control operation

Generally speaking, an orbit control task needs to occupy the satellite's measurement and control arc for about one day, which is cumbersome and inefficient, and affects the execution of normal load tasks; The deviation of satellite orbit parameters cannot be calculated in real time, and after obtaining the orbit deviation, the orbit control operation cannot be performed in the first time, it does not have real-time performance, and the influence of orbit attenuation on the earth observation of space-borne remote sensing instruments cannot be eliminated in time; 3) Satellite survival Weak capabilities——In the event that the ground cannot issue instructions, such as a failure of the on-board remote control unit, or a war that causes the ground station to temporarily fail to perform the injection process normally, the low-orbit remote sensing satellite does not have any orbit control means, and eventually It will fall into the atmosphere and be damaged due to the long-term decay of the orbit; 4) The burden of user operation and control is increased - using the above-mentioned orbit control method, a large amount of data calculation and a series of uplink command injection operations are required on the ground, and regular Execution, after the number of satellites in orbit reaches a certain scale, the cost of operation and control cannot be ignored; 5) The tracking and monitoring capabilities of the ground measurement and control network are highly demanding-satellite orbit control operations require multiple measurement and control arcs to execute the above instructions , state monitoring and other actions, the frequency of ground tracking and orbit measurement is high, and there are high requirements for the tracking and monitoring capabilities of ground measurement and control stations. At the same time, due to the limited resources of China's ground measurement and control network, frequent orbit control operations will track and monitor the measurement and control network critical in-orbit military targets of other nations, and all low-Earth orbit targets, including space debris

Images