A thermal plasma array pyrolysis reactor for acetylene production from coal

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal plasma array reactor for producing acetylene by pyrolysis of coal. The reactor comprises a pre-dispersion section for coal dust, a plasma array reaction section, and a quenching section; multiple rows of plasma electrodes are arranged on one side wall surface of the plasma array reaction section, each row of electrodes comprise multiple electrodes, adjacent two rows of electrodes are arranged parallelly or alternately, arc discharge is generated between electrode pairs, and an array shaped arc plasma field is formed; gas carries coal dust and passes the pre-dispersion section for coal dust, uniformly distributed coal dust passes the array shaped arc plasma field formed by the electrodes from up to bottom, coal dust is rapidly heated and instantly reaches thermodynamic balance at a high temperature environment, pyrolysis gas rich in acetylene is formed, a mixed material passes a plasma zone and enters subsequent reactions and a separating unit, in order to obtain an acetylene product. The reactor has the characteristics of high pyrolysis efficiency of coal dust, high utilization efficiency of energy, high acetylene content in the product, long time steady running, and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal chemical industry and acetylene preparation, in particular to a thermal plasma array cracking coal acetylene reactor. Background technique [0002] Acetylene is an important basic organic chemical raw material. The industrial methods for producing acetylene mainly include calcium carbide method, methane partial oxidation method and plasma cracking method. Among them, the calcium carbide method acetylene process is mature and accounts for an absolute proportion in industrial production, but the pollution and energy consumption are relatively high. Plasma cracking coal to acetylene technology has a short process flow and does not require the high energy-consuming process of producing calcium carbide from limestone, which in turn avoids the generation of calcium carbide slag. A promising route for direct chemical conversion of coal. [0003] Thermal plasma can be conveniently generated by methods such...

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Problems solved by technology

Due to the high-speed plasma jet, it is difficult for the pulverized coal entering the first pulverized coal nozzle to effectively enter the plasma jet formed by each set of electrodes, and most of them slip off the edge of the plasma jet, and it is even more difficult for the pulverized coal entering the second pulverized coal nozzle to be injected into the plasma jet. Most of them slide down the wall, the high temperature generated by the plasma is difficult to effectively use, and the acetylene yield is low

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