498results about How to "Reduce gas volume" patented technology

Methods, systems, devices and kits for performing lung volume reduction in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or other conditions using and comprising minimally invasive instruments introduced through the mouth (endotracheally) to isolate a target lung tissue segment from other regions of the lung and reduce lung volume. Isolation is achieved by deploying an obstructive device in a lung passageway leading to the target lung tissue segment. Once the obstructive device is anchored in place, the segment can be aspirated through the device. This may be achieved by a number of methods, including coupling an aspiration catheter to an inlet port on the obstruction device and aspirating through the port. Or, providing the port with a valve which allows outflow of gas from the isolated lung tissue segment during expiration of the respiratory cycle but prevents inflow of air during inspiration. In addition, a number of other methods may be used. The obstructive device may remain as an implant, to maintain isolation and optionally allow subsequent aspiration, or the device maybe removed at any time.

A film forming apparatus includes a processing chamber, and a mounting table disposed in the processing chamber to mount a substrate thereon. The film forming apparatus further includes a gas shower head having gas supply holes and including a central region facing a central portion of the substrate and a peripheral region facing a peripheral portion of the substrate, a first processing gas supply unit for supplying a first processing gas to the central region, a second processing gas supply unit for supplying a second processing gas to the central region, an energy supply unit for supplying energy to react the first processing gas with the second processing gas on the substrate, and a purge gas supply unit for supplying a purge gas to the central region and the peripheral region when one of the first and the second processing gas is switched by the other.

The present invention provides improved methods, systems, devices and kits for performing lung volume reduction in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or other conditions where isolation of a lung segment or reduction of lung volume is desired. The methods are minimally invasive with instruments being introduced through the mouth (endotracheally) and rely on isolating the target lung tissue segment from other regions of the lung. Isolation is achieved by deploying an obstructive device in a lung passageway leading to the target lung tissue segment. Once the obstructive device is anchored in place, the segment can be aspirated through the device. This may be achieved by a number of methods, including coupling an aspiration catheter to an inlet port on the obstruction device and aspirating through the port. Or, providing the port with a valve which allows outflow of gas from the isolated lung tissue segment during expiration of the respiratory cycle but prevents inflow of air during inspiration. In addition, a number of other methods may be used. The obstructive device may remain as an implant, to maintain isolation and optionally allow subsequent aspiration, or the device may be removed at any time.

A gas generator for an air bag that can change deployment pattern of the air bag is provided. The gas generator includes two gas generating units connected in the axial direction, each of the gas generating units including a cylindrical housing, an igniter disposed in the cylindrical housing and operates upon receiving an operation signal, a gas generating agent ignited by the igniter to generate a combustion gas, a pressurized gas sealed within the housing and heated by the combustion gas of the gas generating agent to generate a mixture gas together with the combustion gas, and a gas exhaust outlet disposed at one side end of the housing and from which the mixture gas within the housing is injected. The two gas generating units are joined by welding one end of each of the housings of the gas generating units together.

An integrated process for production and upgrading of heavy and extra-heavy crude oil, comprising (a) reforming of hydrocarbons such as natural gas to produce hydrogen, CO2 and steam (b) separating the produced hydrogen from the CO2, steam and any other gases to give a hydrogen rich fraction and a CO2 rich fraction and steam, (c) injecting the steam alone or in combination with the CO2 rich fraction into a reservoir containing heavy or extra heavy oil to increase the oil recovery, and (d) upgrading / refining of the heavy or extra heavy oil to finished products by extensive hydroprocessing, comprising several steps of hydrocracking and hydrotreating (sulfur, nitrogen and metals removal as well as hydrogenation of olefins and aromatics), using the hydrogen rich fraction.

The current invention includes methods and apparatuses for processing, that is, altering and imaging, a sample in a high pressure charged particle beam system. Embodiments of the invention include a cell in which the sample is positioned during high pressure charged particle beam processing. The cell reduces the amount of gas required for processing, thereby allowing rapid introduction, exhaustion, and switching between gases and between processing and imaging modes. Maintaining the processes gases within the cell protects the sample chamber and column from contact with the gases. In some embodiments, the temperature of the cell walls and the sample can be controlled.

A fuel cell system includes a primary fuel line to the fuel cell assembly, a jet pump in the primary fuel line and adapted to be driven by the flow of primary fuel, the jet pump having a nozzle, an entrainment chamber downstream of the nozzle and a mixing tube downstream of the entrainment chamber, a fuel exhaust recycle line from the fuel cell assembly opening to the entrainment chamber for supply of fuel exhaust thereto, and a mass flow control device in the primary fuel line upstream of the jet pump for controlling the primary fuel flow rate to the jet pump. The nozzle of the jet pump has an adjustable cross-sectional area to provide a variable area flow of the primary fuel so that the ratio of fuel exhaust entrained by the primary fuel in the entrainment chamber can be varied.

When an electrode material having a weight-average mesopore / macropore specific surface area within a specific range is used, there arises an expansion of a cell caused by the generation of decomposed gas from a component of electrolyte solution during the pre-doping process of lithium ions. A potential drop upon the pre-doping process is adjusted so as to reduce or suppress the expansion of the cell. Specifically, since the pre-doping speed is increased, the negative electrode can speedily reach the potential by which an SEI component made of lithium alkyl carbonate can be produced on the surface of the negative electrode. Consequently, the absolute amount of the gas produced by the decomposition of the electrolyte solution can be reduced, whereby the expansion of the electric storage device can be reduced.

The present invention relates to additives for electrolytes of lithium ion secondary batteries that include one or more of the following: 1,3-propane sultone, succinic anhydride; ethenyl sulfonyl benzene, and halobenzene. It can also include biphenyl, cyclohexylbenzene; and vinylene carbonate. The weight of said 1,3-propane sultone is between 0.5 wt. % and 96.4 wt. %, said succinic anhydride is between 0.5 wt. % and 96.4 wt. %; said ethenyl sulfonyl benzene is between 0.5 wt. % and 95.2 wt. %; and said halobenzene is between 0.5 wt. % and 95.2 wt. % of the weight of the additive. Batteries with electrolytes containing said additives have improved over-charge characteristics and low temperature properties, and reduced gas generation during charging and discharging.

Provided are a positive active material that has a decreased amount of Li-containing impurities that remain on a lithium transition metal composite oxide surface to decrease an amount of gas generation and has improved lifespan properties, a method of preparing the same, a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery including the positive active material, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.

The invention discloses a deoxidizing catalyst for a coal-seam gas containing oxygen and a preparation method as well as an application thereof. The deoxidizing catalyst of the invention consists of an active component, an active auxiliary and a porous carrier. The active component is the compound of Co; the active auxiliary is one or more compounds of Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu; the porous carrier is one or more of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, silicon oxide, a phosphor-aluminium molecular sieve, an A-typed molecular sieve, an X-typed molecular sieve, a Y-typed molecular sieve, a mordenite, a ZSM-5 zeolite, diatomaceous earth, kaolinite, natural clay, aluminum silicate and magnesium silicate; calculated by oxide, the weight percentage of the active component is 1 to 60 percent; the weight percentage of the active auxiliary is 1 to 50 percent; the rest is the carrier. The catalyst of the invention has certain sulfur-resistance performance, is applicable to the deoxidization treatment of coal-seam gas with an oxygen content of 3 to 6 percent (V / V) and is capable of causing the oxygen content in the coal-seam gas to be lower than 0.5 percent by deoxidization.

The present invention is a negative electrode material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, comprising at least: particles wherein silicon nanoparticles are dispersed in silicon oxide (silicon oxide particles); and a metal oxide coating formed on a surface of the silicon oxide particles. As a result, there is provided a negative electrode material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries that enables the production of a negative electrode suitable for lithium-ion secondary batteries and the like that provides improved safety and cycle performance over conventional negative electrode materials.

A Li-ion battery electrolyte contains lithium salt, ionic liquid and a non-aqueous solvent, wherein the anion contained in the ionic liquid is showed by formula (1). A Li-ion battery comprises an electrical core and the above electrolyte, which can retard combustion of organic solvents. The Li-ion battery using the electrolyte can suppress capacity fade at low temperature, and can reduce the amount of gas generated by the electrolyte at high temperature, thereby effectively preventing battery expansion and improving the high-temperature performance of the battery.

A film forming apparatus includes a processing chamber, and a mounting table disposed in the processing chamber to mount a substrate thereon. The film forming apparatus further includes a gas shower head having gas supply holes and including a central region facing a central portion of the substrate and a peripheral region facing a peripheral portion of the substrate, a first processing gas supply unit for supplying a first processing gas to the central region, a second processing gas supply unit for supplying a second processing gas to the central region, an energy supply unit for supplying energy to react the first processing gas with the second processing gas on the substrate, and a purge gas supply unit for supplying a purge gas to the central region and the peripheral region when one of the first and the second processing gas is switched by the other.

An apparatus is described for calibrating at least one sensor within a gas detector (22), which detector has a gas inlet in fluid communication with the or each sensor, the apparatus comprising a housing (10) that contains: a) a surface (24) for abutting against the detector (22); b) a holder (14) for holding the gas detector (22) with respect to the housing (10) in such a manner that a region of the detector containing the gas inlet abuts against the surface (24) of the housing to form a sealed gas interface between the surface (24) and the detector (22); c) a connector for connecting a source of pressurised calibration gas (12) to the apparatus, d) a conduit (32) for delivering a calibration gas from the connector (34) to the interface between the detector and the apparatus housing, e) electrical connections (40) within the holder for forming electrical connections between the apparatus and a detector held within the holder, and e) a flow controller (34, 36) within the conduit for providing calibration gas at a predetermined level to the interface, the flow controller including an electrically-operated valve (36) being controllable for initiating and terminating the flow of calibration gas through the conduit (32) by means of signals received from the detector via the electrical connections (40). The whole calibration is controlled by he detector and not the calibration apparatus.

A color organic EL display includes: a substrate; a color filter layer disposed on the substrate; a gas barrier layer disposed on the color filter layer; and an organic EL structural body disposed on the gas barrier layer. The substrate and the color filter layer provide an underlayer of the gas barrier layer. The underlayer is a degassed underlayer. The gas barrier layer is provided by an atomic layer deposition method at a temperature equal to or lower than a decomposition starting temperature of the color filter layer.

A method (10) for the separation of gases involving the method steps of: i) passing an exhaust gas stream (27) containing CO2 through a first membrane separation system (30) to produce a pre-concentrated gas stream (34) containing at least carbon dioxide; and a reject stream; and ii) directing the pre-concentrated gas stream to at least one purification step (50) to produce a purified CO2 stream (55); wherein, sulphur-containing gases (SOx) are also substantially separated from the exhaust gas (27) by the first membrane separation step (30) into the pre-concentrated gas stream (34), and the purified CO2 stream (55) is substantially free of nitrogen gas.

The invention relates to a low-temperature electrolyte of a lithium iron phosphate battery. The low-temperature electrolyte includes the following solvents of, by volume, 30%-45% of carbonic ester solvent, 50%-65% of carboxylic ester solvent and 4%-10% of additive. The solvents contain solute lithium, the lithium is LiPF6 or a combination of the LiPF6 and LiBF4, and the concentration of the lithium is 0.8-1.4mol / L. The low-temperature electrolyte is a nonaqueous electrolyte, through optimization of kinds and proportioning combination of the solvents of the electrolyte, low-viscosity carbonic ester and low-melting-point carboxylic ester are selected and used, the freezing point at low temperature is lowered, and low-temperature conductivity is increased. According to the low-temperature electrolyte, the lithium of the electrolyte is optimized, the low-temperature additive is selected preferably, normal-temperature circulation ratio performance of the electrolyte is maintained, and meanwhile, the low-temperature capacity retention ratio of the lithium iron phosphate battery and the ratio performance of the lithium iron phosphate battery are improved. The commercial application requirements of the electrolyte can be met, the low-temperature performance of the electrolyte is improved particularly, and therefore the electrolyte is suitable for aerospace and plateau alpine environment.

A cell based assay assembly includes a biochip assembly, a liquid delivery unit and detection and recording equipment is used for conducting an assay on a biological cell as it is delivered through the biochip assembly. The biochip assembly includes a plurality of separate biochips each comprising a microchannel with input and output ports, separate reservoir wells are provided on the biochip assembly and are periodically connected to the liquid delivery unit by removable separate disclosed transfer conduits. The input and output ports of the biochip are also periodically connected to the delivery unit by the conduit. The liquid delivery unit includes a liquid link assembly and a positive displacement pump such as a syringe pump. The liquid link assembly includes pressure compressible means which acts to smooth out pressure rises by initially contacting and then expanding to in turn dispense a steady liquid delivery output below 10μ per minute.

The invention provides a high mechanical property and low cost SCR denitration catalyst and a preparation method thereof. A steel screen or a reinforced glass fiber board is used as a framework material, and 78-80 weight parts of industrial grade and nano scale TiO2 is used as a composite carrier, wherein the weight parts of the industrial grade TiO2 are 5-8, and the balance is the nano scale TiO2; 13-27 weight parts of V2O5-WO3 / TiO2 roasting particle is used as batching seed crystal, and 9-10 weight parts of V2O5 and WO3 are used as active components, wherein the weight parts of the V2O5 are 1.5-2, and the balance is WO3; and 10-12 weight parts of ludox, methylcellulose, fiberglass yarn and ethanolamine are used as auxiliary agents, wherein the weight parts of the ludox, the methylcellulose, the fiberglass yarn and the ethanolamine are all 2.5-3.5. The invention reduces the preparation cost and the operation expense of the SCR denitration catalyst, and improves the mechanical properties of abrasion resistance, pressure resistance, strength, and the like of the catalyst.

An adjustable gas block for a gas operated firearm offering a means to adjust a volume of gas directed to the host rifle's operating system. The adjustable gas block provides two positions of adjustment that are selectable based on the presence of a pressure increasing device being mounted on the firearm. A first position provides an optimal volume of gas into the gas operating system absent a back pressure increasing device. A second position usable in the presence of a back pressure increasing device causing venting of a portion of the volume of gas into a secondary chamber prior to release into the atmosphere. The amount of gas received by the operating system due to venting is reduced to a volume that is substantially equal to the volume of gas that would be received by the operating system absent a back pressure increasing device.

A control apparatus / method curbs the degradation of emission gas, for a vehicular driving apparatus including an engine and a second driving power source that assists the engine in the output of driving power. Torque assist is executed by a hybrid controller through the use of a first motor-generator and / or the second motor-generator so that the EGR rate achieved by an EGR device becomes greater than or equal to an EGR rate threshold value (first EGR rate) determined on the basis of the load state of an engine. Therefore, it becomes possible to put the engine in a low load state where the EGR rate, which decreases as the engine shifts to higher load states, is greater than or equal to the EGR rate threshold value.

A system controller drives a gas circulator with a purge valve closed to supply hydrogen to a fuel cell stack and then increases anode operating pressure and cathode operating pressure to target operating pressures after a predetermined condition is satisfied. This allows an amount of gas mixture of remaining oxygen and hydrogen to be suppressed compared to the case of increasing the anode operating pressure in a state where oxygen remains in the anode circulation path. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress local generation of electric potential and heat and prevent degradation of the components of the fuel cell stack. Moreover, hydrogen is not discharged during activation, which eliminates the need to include dilution equipment of combustion equipment for treating hydrogen and increases the degree of freedom in the layout of the fuel cell system.

Since the size of a plate for issuing gas used for a conventional laser irradiation apparatus is large and the distance between an optical system through which a laser light lastly passes and the plate is not enough, it is difficult to check the state of laser light delivered from the optical system which the laser light lastly passes through. A laser irradiation apparatus includes a laser oscillator, an optical system shaping laser light produced by the laser oscillator, a plate having an opening for issuing a gas, a stage provided below the blower, means for maintaining a constant distance between the blower and the stage above the stage, and means provided between the optical system and the blower for observing the laser light transmitted through the optical system are provided.

A medical ventilator capable of early detecting and recognizing types of pneumonia, a gas recognition chip, and a method for recognizing gas thereof are disclosed. The gas recognition chip of the medical ventilator comprises a sensor array, a sensor interface circuit, a stochastic neural network chip, a memory and a microcontroller. The sensor array receives a plurality of multiple types of gases to produce odor signals corresponding to each type of gas. The sensor interface circuit analyzes the odor signals to produce gas pattern signals corresponding to each type of gas. The stochastic neural network chip amplifies the differences between the gas pattern signals and performs dimensional reduction on the gas pattern signals to aid the analysis. The memory stores training data. The microcontroller performs a mixed gas recognizing algorithm to early detect and recognize the type of the pneumonia according to the gas training data.