Method and system for efficiently operating electrochemical cells

An electrochemical and battery technology, applied in the field of operating electrochemical cells and systems efficiently, can solve the problems of reducing the overall electrical efficiency of electrochemical cells, hindering the electrical efficiency of batteries, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-09-28
AQUAHYDREX
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The resulting current drawn by the pump reduces the overall electrical efficiency of the electrochemical cell
[0007] (3) Bubbles in the conductive pathways ("voidity") Even after the gas bubbles are released from the electrode surface into the electrolyte, they still hinder the electrical efficiency in the cell
[0019] In summary, there are important challenges in improving the energy efficiency of electrochemical cells that facilitate liquid-to-gas or gas-to-liquid transitions

Method used

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  • Method and system for efficiently operating electrochemical cells
  • Method and system for efficiently operating electrochemical cells
  • Method and system for efficiently operating electrochemical cells

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 2

[0143] Table 1 compares the ohmic voltage drop that occurs during typical operation of a conventional alkaline electrolyzer, a PEM electrolyzer, and an electrolyzer of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0144] It should be noted that even the above-exemplified PEM electrolyzer would operate at one-twentieth of its normal operating current density (i.e., 90 mA / cm 2 , which would probably not be economically viable), it would still experience a higher voltage drop than the alkaline electrolyzer described above.

[0145]Generalizing these concepts, embodiments relate to electrochemical cells and methods of use or operation in which one or more gas generating electrodes operate in a bubble-free or substantially bubble-free manner. Electrochemical cells do not have a separator between the gas generating electrodes. Preferably, electrochemical cells utilize specific catalyst-electrolyte systems. Electrochemical cells are optimized to determine the best settings for differen...

example 1

[0465] Example 1: Empty volume and its placement

[0466] Preferably, but not exclusively, the void volume is provided by a porous structure that is impermeable to electrolyte (eg liquid electrolyte) but admits or allows the passage of gas, ie the porous structure is liquid impermeable and gas permeable. In the case of an aqueous liquid electrolyte, the void volume is preferably, but not exclusively, filled by a porous hydrophobic structure (eg, made of PTFE), such as a porous hydrophobic assembly, membrane, or hollow fiber, or a collection of such structures. Provided, it remains unfilled with liquid electrolyte during operation of the cell. In such cases, the void volume may be considered to be "artificial air bubbles" or "artificial air bubbles". Preferably, "artificial bubbles" or "artificial" bubbles are located outside the conductive pathways of the cell, or occupy only a small cross-sectional area or footprint within the conductive pathways.

[0467] In an alternative...

example 3

[0505] Example 3: Efficient Operation of Example Embodiment Electrochemical Cells Using Catalysts Operating Below Thermal Neutral Voltage to Promote Endothermic Electrochemical Reactions. Catalysts and catalytic materials are preferred.

[0506] In a preferred embodiment, void volumes may be associated with electrodes. That is, the void volume may form the gas side of the gas diffusion electrode, where the gas side of the electrode is outside or substantially outside the conductive path of the cell between the electrodes, and where the gas side of the gas diffusion electrode facilitates the movement of gas into or out of the cell. Gas-diffusion electrodes can be used to transport gases generated rapidly and suddenly at the electrodes out of the cell. Examples of such batteries include electrosynthesis or electrical energy batteries.

[0507]Example electric batteries of the type described herein and including but not limited to in WO2013 / 185170, WO2015 / 013764, WO2015 / 013765,...

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Abstract

Disclosed are electrochemical cells and methods of use or operation. In one aspect there is disclosed a method for management of an electrochemical cell, the method comprising operating the electrochemical cell at an operational voltage that is below or about the thermoneutral voltage for an electrochemical reaction. In another aspect there is disclosed an electrochemical cell comprising electrodes, an electrolyte between the electrodes, and a catalyst applied to at least one of the electrodes to facilitate an electrochemical reaction at an operational voltage of the electrochemical cell thatis below or about the thermoneutral voltage for the electrochemical reaction. Also disclosed are various catalysts for the electrochemical cell comprising mixtures of various catalytic materials and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to efficient or improved operation of electrochemical cells, particularly, but not exclusively, to efficient or improved operation of gas-liquid electrochemical cells that involve a gas-liquid interface and that facilitate The overall reaction at one or more gas-liquid interfaces. Background technique [0002] Various electrochemical cells facilitate liquid-to-gas or gas-to-liquid transitions. Such transitions are generally energy inefficient because a gas-liquid interface is involved. That is, they are generally inherently wasteful of energy. Energy inefficiencies generally arise from fundamental processes occurring at catalysts, conductors, and electrolytes. [0003] For example, many electrochemical liquid-to-gas transitions involve the formation or presence of gas bubbles in liquid electrolyte solutions. Thus, electrochemical cells used in the chlor-alkali process typically generate chlorine and hydrogen in the for...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25B1/04C25B11/06C25B15/00H01M4/90C25B1/00C25B9/17
CPCC25B11/03H01M4/94H01M8/24Y02P20/129Y02P20/133C25B1/04C25B15/00C25B15/08C25B15/02Y02E60/36Y02E60/50Y02E60/10C25B9/17C25B9/70C25B11/031C25B11/091H01M4/8626H01M8/04276H01M4/9016H01M8/186
Inventor G·F·斯维吉斯E·A·塞莫尔P·蒂瓦里G·塞库拉斯
Owner AQUAHYDREX
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