High-explosion-heat aluminium-containing explosive and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a high-explosion-heat aluminium-containing explosive. The high-explosion-heat aluminium-containing explosive is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 5-20% of terminated functional group-containing liquid fluororubber, 0.5-5% of a curing agent, 35-80% of a main explosive and 10-40% of aluminium powder, wherein the terminated functional group-containing liquid fluororubber is carboxyl-terminated liquid fluororubber or hydroxyl-terminated liquid fluororubber with number-average molecular weight of 2000-18000; the curing agent is an isocyanate curingagent or an epoxy resin curing agent; the main explosive is one or a combination of more of RDX, HMX, CL-20, TATB, FOX-7 and LLM-105; and the grain size of aluminium powder is 50 nm-100 mum. The formula provided by the invention can remarkably increase explosion heat of the explosive.

Description

technical field [0001] 本发明总体地属于军用混合炸药技术领域,具体地涉及一种高爆热含铝炸药及其制备方法。 Background technique [0002] 随着火箭弹、炮弹、导弹等武器弹药对高效毁伤威力的更高需求,军用混合炸药也朝着高爆热、高毁伤威力的方向发展。含铝炸药具有高爆热、高爆温、释放化学能时间长、作战能力高等突出等优异特性,成为军用混合炸药的一个重要系列,广泛应用于对空武器弹药、水下武器弹药、对舰武器弹药及空对地武器弹药。含铝炸药常用的粘结剂为惰性粘结剂,包括惰性的高聚物、钝感剂等,虽然具有良好的钝感包覆的效果,但难以有效提高铝粉的燃烧反应率。与惰性粘结剂相比,由于氟橡胶中的F元素可与Al发生放热化学反应,使用氟橡胶作为粘结剂可显著提高含铝炸药的爆热。常用的固体氟橡胶粘结剂如Viton橡胶、F 26 , F 246 , F 23 等系列氟橡胶,具有良好的耐高温、耐老化性、良好的物理机械性,这些固体氟橡胶可作为粘结剂,用于压装型含铝炸药的制备。但由于固体氟橡胶具有较高的玻璃化温度、模量及硬度,致使含铝炸药的压制成型制备工艺不佳,通常需在较高的温度(≥80℃)和压力(≥200MPa)下压制。 [0003] 含端基官能团液体氟橡胶继承了传统固体氟橡胶优异的耐高温、耐老化等性能,与固体氟橡胶相比,分子量大幅降低,这使得其加工性能大幅提升,更加利于利用。含端基官能团液体氟橡胶常温下具有流动性,可与含端基的聚丁二烯橡胶(HTPB)一样,发生化学交联固化成型,用于含铝炸药的制备,提高了含铝炸药的成型性。与惰性的高聚物HTPB粘结剂相比,使用含端基官能团液体氟橡胶作为粘结剂有助于提高含铝炸药的爆热。 Contents of the invention [0004] 本发明的目的在于,提供一种高爆热含铝炸药及其制备方法,本发明的高爆热含铝炸药通过使用可交联固化的含端基官能团液体氟橡胶作为粘结剂,增强了铝粉的燃烧反应率,显著提高了含铝炸药的爆热;同时浇注-固化成型工艺制备含铝炸药,具有良好的成型工艺。 [0005] 本发明的技术方案是,一种高爆热含铝炸药,包括下列质量百分比含量的组分:含端基官能团液体氟橡胶:5~20%;固化剂:0.5~5%;主炸药:35~80%;铝粉:10~40%。 [000...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, due to the high glass transition temperature, modulus and hardness of solid fluororubber, the compression molding preparation process of aluminum-containing explosives is not good, and it usually needs to be pressed at a higher temperature (≥80°C) and pressure (≥200MPa).

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