45 results about "TATB" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for preparing micro-nano TATB (triamino trinitrobenzene) explosive granules. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) preparation of explosive solution, wherein the TATB explosive is dissolved to prepare the explosive solution without impurities; (2) preparation of non-solvent medium, wherein water and dispersant are uniformly mixed to prepare the non-solvent medium, and the non-solvent medium is cooled by putting in a refrigerator or adding ice cakes and other mode; (3) mixed crystallization, wherein the TATB explosive solution prepared in the step (1) and the non-solvent medium prepared in the step are mixed to crystallize to form micro-nano explosive granules, and the non-solvent medium in the mixing process is kept at a temperature of lower than 10 DEG C; and (4) post-treatment, wherein the micro-nano explosive granule liquid prepared in the step (3) are subjected to solid-liquid separation, washing purification and drying to obtain the micro-nano TATB explosive product. The method has the characteristics of simple process flow and convenience in operation, and is applicable to industrial large-scale production. By adopting the method, micro-nano TATB powder with average granular diameter of 170nm and d50 of 100nm can be obtained by controlling process parameters.

The invention relates to a method for synthesizing tri-amino trinitrobenzene (TATB) by trinitrotoluene (TNT), belonging to the field of organic synthesis technology. The method comprises the following steps of: dissolving the TNT into the concentrated nitric acid, heating up, adding the saturated water solution of the sodium chlorate, reacting, cooling and filtering to obtain the TNBA; adding the TNBA into the water, stirring, adding the sodium hydroxide water solution, filtering, heating up the filter liquor to perform the decarboxylation reaction, cooling, filtering and drying to obtain the TNB; dissolving the TNB into reagent, adding the TNB into turbid liquid mixed by the ammoniation reagent, the sodium methylate and the reagent, and stirring; and heating up, cooling after the reaction, pouring into the distilled water, adjusting the PH value to be neutral or weakly acidic by the acetic acid, stewing, filtering in a pumping way, washing with water, and drying to obtain the TATB. The method takes the TNT as the raw material and uses the chrome-free technology in the oxidizing reaction to avoid the environment pollution, uses a small quantity of the reagent during the aminating reaction to increase the concentration of the reactant and optimize the dynamic conditions, and uses a small quantity of the ammoniation reagent and the sodium methylate to reduce the cost.

An apparatus for detonating an initiation charge that is formed of a secondary explosive, such as triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB). The apparatus includes an exploding foil initiator, which can have a relatively small flyer that is suited to initiate a detonation event in the initiation charge.

The invention discloses a heatproof mixing explosive which comprises the following raw materials: by mass, 93.0%-95.0% of a single-compound explosive; 2.0%-3.0% of fluorine rubber; 0.5%-1.0% of stearic acid; 1.0%-2.0% of rubber slurry; and 0.3%-0.5% of graphite. The single-compound explosive is a mixture of LLM-105 and ATB; the fluorine rubber is FPM2311, FPM2603 or FPM246G; and the rubber slurry is polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, polyacrylate emulsion or styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer emulsion. In the heatproof mixing explosive, the density and energy of the component LLM-105 are much higher than those of HNS, and the LLM-105 can provide sensitivity required for the explosive and provide rapid output of complete detonation waves. The component TATB can provide the explosive higher relative density and explosion output because of good loading and explosive pressing characteristics, so that the explosive has higher pressed density and armour penetrating power.

A method to convert surplus nitroarene explosives into trinitrophloroglucinol and triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) is described. Picric acid is directly aminated to diaminopicric acid, which is converted to trinitrophloroglucinol and triaminotrinitrobenzene.

A method to convert surplus nitroarene explosives (picric acid, ammonium picrate,) into TATB is described. The process comprises three major steps: conversion of picric acid / ammonium picrate into picramide; conversion of picramide to TATB through vicarious nucleophilic substitution (VNS) of hydrogen chemistry; and purification of TATB.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an energetic material with controllable interface infiltration performance. The preparation method includes the steps that firstly, an energetic material with hydrophilicity is prepared; secondly, an energetic material wrapping specific nanometer particles is prepared; thirdly, washing and drying are conducted; fourthly, soaking with an alkyl siloxane solution is conducted; and fifthly, washing and drying are conducted, so that the energetic material with the controllable interface infiltration performance is obtained. The preparation method has the beneficial effects that expensive equipment and severe experiment conditions do not need to be used, and the production cost is reduced; the characteristics of convenience and rapidness are achieved, and good infiltration performance controllability is achieved; the energetic material which is prepared through the preparation method and has the controllable surface and interface infiltration performance is used for the field of PBX, the infiltration performance can be changed at any time according to changes of a bonding system, and a good solid-liquid complete infiltrating and wrapping effect is achieved; and water-insoluble energetic materials such as HMX, RDX and TATB can be used as modification matrixes, and the wide application range is achieved.

The invention discloses a preparation method and an application of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots. According to the method, TATB (triamino trinitrobenzene) with a high nitrogen content is adopted as a raw material; pyrolysis is carried out; and the nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) are prepared. The size of the nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots is 2-10nm, the thickness of the nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots is 0.5-1.5nm, and the nitrogen content of the nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots is 4-30%. The nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots can stably exist in a water solution for a long time. As a result of cell imaging studies, the nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots can emit bright green fluorescence, has good biocompatibility, and almost has no toxicity against biological cells. The preparation method is simple; raw material cost is low; the requirement on equipment is low; and the prepared nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots have excellent light-emitting performance.

The invention discloses a nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanometer material preparation method, which comprises: taking different amounts of triaminotrionitrobenzene, spreading on the bottom portion of a porcelain boat, placing the triaminotrionitrobenzene spread on the bottom portion of the porcelain boat and a ZnO nanometer material in a tubular furnace, maintain a certain distance between the two materials, heating the TATB under the protection of an inert or reducing atmosphere, and carrying out sublimation, pyrolysis, carbonization and other reactions to obtain the nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanometer material. According to the present invention, the carbon source required in the traditional preparation is replaced with the high nitrogen content organic small molecule TATB, such that the nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanometer material can be prepared in the one step only with the one substance without the additional introduction of the nitrogen source, and the template does not require the acid corrosion.

Methods of producing TATB are disclosed. The method comprises providing acid wet TNPG and distilling water from the acid wet TNPG. The TNPG is reacted with an alkoxylating agent to form a solution of 1,3,5-trialkoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene solution, which is reacted with an aminating agent. An alternate method comprises nitrating phloroglucinol in a first vessel to produce TNPG, which is reacted with an alkoxylating agent in a second vessel to form a solution comprising 1,3,5-trialkoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene and at least one of at least one volatile byproduct and at least one nonvolatile byproduct. The at least one of at least one volatile byproduct and at least one nonvolatile byproduct is removed in situ. The 1,3,5-trialkoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene is reacted with an aminating agent.

The invention discloses a fluorine-cluster-based metal organic framework MFOFs material with high stability, and application thereof. The structural general formula of the metal organic framework material is [M4([mu]3-F)3([mu]3-SO4)(L1)(L2)2], wherein M in the formula is zinc, iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese and cadmium, L1 is 1, 3, 5-tris(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene (btb), or 2, 4, 6-tris(4-carboxyphenyl)-1, 3, 5-triazine (tatb), and L2 is 2, 4, 6-tris(4-pyridyl)-1, 3, 5-triazine (tpt), 2, 4, 6-tris (4-pyridyl)pyridine (pytpy) or 1, 3, 5-tris(4-pyridyl)benzene (tpb). The activated MFOFs material can be used as an adsorbent to realize separation of acetylene / carbon dioxide mixed gas; and the prepared material has high acetylene adsorption capacity and high selectivity, the acetylene / carbon dioxide penetration duration of [Co4([mu]3-F)3([mu]3-SO4)(btb)(tpt)2] at normal temperature and normal pressure reaches up to 52 min / g, the duration after multiple penetration experiments is still kept unchanged, efficient acetylene / carbon dioxide selective adsorption performance is reflected, and effective separation of acetylene / carbon dioxide can be achieved.

The invention provides a novel preparation method of an insensitive explosive TATB. The method comprises the following steps: 1, with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene as a raw material, subjecting 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene to reacting with hydrogen and acetic anhydride in sequence to obtain 2,4,6-triacetylaminotoluene; 2, subjecting the obtained 2,4,6-triacetylaminotoluene o oxidation and a decarboxylation reaction to obtain 1,3,5-triacetylaminobenzene; and 3, carrying out nitrification and hydrolysis reactions on the obtained 1,3,5-triacetylaminobenzene to obtain 2,4,6-trinitro-1,3,5-triaminobenzene. According to the invention, the raw material used in the preparation method is the cheap 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, and used reactants or catalysts are commonly used products in the chemical industry, so the preparation method has characteristics of low cost and usage of simple and easily available raw materials. In addition, the preparation method also has the characteristics of short synthesis steps, simple operation of each step, high yield, high reaction rate, easy separation and collection of intermediate and final products and the like, and is beneficial for realization of mass production of TATB.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a water-stable triazinyl metal organic frame material, and belongs to the technical field of metal organic frame materials. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving bismuth metal salts and triazinyl organic acid in an organic solvent; and preparing by using a solvothermal method to obtain CAU-7-TATB, namely a metal organic frame materialformed by Bi and 2,4,6-tris(4-carboxy phenyl)-1,3,5-triazine. The triazinyl CAU-7-TATB synthesized by the solvothermal method has good water stability, and structural collapse and metal leakage cannot be caused even if the triazinyl CAU-7-TATB is placed in an aqueous solution for seven days; the water-stable triazinyl metal organic frame material is quite suitable for adsorbing heavy metal ions;and moreover, the CAU-7-TATB does not need to be modified later, and by N atoms on the triazinyl, an adsorption effect is played directly, and the water-stable triazinyl metal organic frame material has good adsorption effect on various heavy metal ions, and particularly has preferable and excellent selectivity on adsorption of lead ions.

The invention discloses a method for recrystallizing TATB, which comprises the following steps: (1) adding raw material TATB, reaction medium DMSO and crystal modifier into a container; (2) constantly stirring and raising the temperature to completely dissolve TATB to obtain a yellow transparent Solution, heat preservation; (3) After the heat preservation is over, adjust the stirring speed, and cool the above yellow transparent solution. When the temperature of the solution drops to 115-125°C, add TATB seed crystals, grow the crystals, and then cool to room temperature; (4) After the reaction, the product and the mother liquor were separated by vacuum filtration, and the precipitate was washed and dried to make a finished product, and yellow TATB crystals were obtained. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following remarkable points: (1) The crystal form and particle size distribution of the product TATB are controllable, which meets different application requirements; (2) The purity of the recrystallized TATB product can reach more than 99.50%; (3) ) The reaction conditions are mild, the reaction operation is simple, and the crystallization solvent can be used many times without affecting the product quality.

The invention discloses a method for representing internal stress of TATB-based PBX under a force-heat effect. The method for representing the internal stress of the TATB-based PBX under the force-heat effect comprises the following steps: loading mechanical stress / heat stress to the PBX in situ; using a neutron diffraction technology to obtain crystal lattice parameters of a TATB crystal so as toobtain relations between mechanical stress and a temperature and the crystal lattice parameters of the TATB; and meanwhile, using an internal microstructure representing technology to obtain a meso-structure of the PBX; obtaining a performance inflection point of the PBX by using the relations among the mechanical stress, the temperature and the crystal lattice parameters of the TATB and using the meso-structure; and finally, obtaining an internal TATB crystal response behavior rule of the PBX under the force-heat coupling effect. The method for representing the internal stress of the TATB-based PBX under the force-heat effect, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the neutron diffraction technology is introduced into the study field of energetic materials for the first time; lattice parameters, such as displacement, widening and asymmetry, of a TATB crystal diffraction peak in the PBX under the mechanical stress / heat stress is non-destructively observed in a non-invasive manner, so that basic parameters can be provided for macro-performance evaluation of the energetic materials.

The invention belongs to the technical field of compound preparation and discloses a heat-resistant compound adopting a benzene ring as a parent and a preparation method and application thereof. The compound is 2-fluoro-1,3-diamono-4,6-dinitrobenzene. The method includes mixing and stirring an alcohol solution of ammonia water or ammonia with solid that is 2,3,4-trifluoro-1,5-dinitrobenzene at room temperature and under magnetic stirring; and after the reaction is finished, performing filtration, washing and drying to obtain the heat-resistant compound that is 2-fluoro-1,3-diamono-4,6-dinitrobenzene shown as a formula I. Compared with TATB, the 2-fluoro-1,3-diamono-4,6-dinitrobenzene has better detonation performance and has sensitivity similar to that of TATB. The synthetic method of thecompound is simple, convenient, high in yield and prone to industrial production, and the compound is insoluble to water and is environmentally friendly, and therefore, the compound has higher potential industrialization value and is of great significance for study of novel heat-resistant explosives.

A method to convert surplus nitroarene explosives into trinitrophloroglucinol and triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) is described. Picric acid is directly aminated to diaminopicric acid, which is converted to trinitrophloroglucinol and triaminotrinitrobenzene.

The structure formula of 2-fluro-1,3,5-triamino-4,6-dinitrobenzene of the invention is shown in the description. A preparing method of the compound includes 1) subjecting N-(3,4,5-trifluoro phenyl)carbamate to nitration to obtain 3,4,5-trifluro-2,6-dinitroaniline; and 2) mixing aqueous ammonia or an alcohol solution of ammonia with the 3,4,5-trifluro-2,6-dinitroaniline, stirring the mixture, performing filtration after the reaction is finished, and washing and drying a product to obtain the target compound. Compared with TATB, the 2-fluro-1,3,5-triamino-4,6-dinitrobenzene has better detonationperformance, and is a heat resistant explosive having sensitivity similar to sensitivity of the TATB. The synthetic method is simple, high in yield and prone to industrial production. The disclosed compound is insoluble in water, environmentally friendly and easy to recrystallize so that the potential industrialization value is higher.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing TATB (triamino trinitrobenzene) by normal pressure phase-transfer catalysis and amination. The method comprises the following steps: 1, adding 1,3,5-triethoxy-2,4,6-triaminobenzene, an organic solvent and a phase-transfer catalyst into a reactor, raising temperature and stirring, and dropwise adding ammonium hydroxide to carry out a reflux reaction; 2, after the reaction is ended, and separating a product and mother liquor, wherein the product is washed and dried to obtain TATB; and 3, analyzing and calibrating the mother liquor so as to be recycled and reused. Compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention has the remarkable advantages that (1) the product TATB does not contain chlorine element, so that the chlorine-containing problem in a traditional synthesis method is solved; (2) the purity of the prepared TATB product which is not subjected to purification treatment can reach more than 98.0 percent; (3) reaction conditions are mild, the reaction operation is simple, and as the TATB is synthesized in a normal temperature phase-transfer catalysis and amination system, an airtight high pressure reaction kettle is not required, and industrial large-scale production is facilitated.

The invention relates to a method for determining synthesized intermediate and product in wastewater in TATB production by liquid chromatogram, belonging to the technical field of chemical analysis. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing standard solutions of phloroglucinol, TETNB and TATB standard substances by using liquid phase chromatogram mobile phase; secondly, treating the TATB wastewater, regulating pH to be neutral, extracting to-be-detected substance, drying the to-be-detected substance, adding the liquid phase chromatogram mobile phase for dissolving, filtering through a microfiltration membrane to remove impurity to obtain a liquid phase chromatogram detection sample; thirdly, performing liquid phase chromatographic analysis on the standard solutions, and drawing a standard curve; and fourthly, respectively analyzing the samples by using the liquid phase chromatogram, comparing the analysis result with the standard curve to determine the intermediate and the product in the TATB wastewater. Trace amount of intermediate related substances, such as phloroglucinol, TETNB and the product, namely TATB in the TATB wastewater can be accurately detected by using the method disclosed by the invention, and the defects in the prior art are filled.

The invention provides a high-explosion-heat aluminium-containing explosive. The high-explosion-heat aluminium-containing explosive is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 5-20% of terminated functional group-containing liquid fluororubber, 0.5-5% of a curing agent, 35-80% of a main explosive and 10-40% of aluminium powder, wherein the terminated functional group-containing liquid fluororubber is carboxyl-terminated liquid fluororubber or hydroxyl-terminated liquid fluororubber with number-average molecular weight of 2000-18000; the curing agent is an isocyanate curingagent or an epoxy resin curing agent; the main explosive is one or a combination of more of RDX, HMX, CL-20, TATB, FOX-7 and LLM-105; and the grain size of aluminium powder is 50 nm-100 mum. The formula provided by the invention can remarkably increase explosion heat of the explosive.

1-Methyl-2,4,5-Trinitroimidazole is synthesized starting from 4-nitroimidazole using stepwise nitration method and further methylation using Dimethylsulphate. It is relatively insensitive to impact and its thermal stability is excellent. The calculated detonation properties indicate that its performance is about 30% better than TATB. It can be prepared easily, with reasonable yield, starting from commercially available Imidazole. Results from impact sensitivity, friction sensitivity, time-to-explosion temperature and vacuum stability tests indicate that it is less sensitive than both RDX and HMX. The good oxygen balance and measured heat of formation data of this material indicate that its propellant performance should be good.

The invention discloses a method for preparing large-grained triamino trinitrobenzene (TATB) by a reactive crystallization method. The method comprises the steps: adding common TATB into a recrystallization solvent, increasing temperature and dissolving to obtain a saturated solution, adding an anti-solvent, cooling to room temperature according to a temperature control program and crystallizing to obtain TATB crystal grains to serve as seed crystals; and dissolving a precursor compound for synthesizing the TATB into a reaction solvent at room temperature, increasing temperature, promoting dissolution of the compound, adding the TATB seed crystals, adding an aminating reagent under the stirring condition, reacting at a certain temperature to crystallize, cooling to room temperature and performing aftertratment to obtain the large-grained TATB. The method is simple in process, convenient in operation, high in safety and easy in engineering enlargement. The large-grained TATB prepared by the method can be used for pouring and press-fitting charge, the charge solid content is obviously improved, the charge free-flowing property is improved, and the anisotropic expansion and the dimensional stability of TATB based explosive can be improved.

The invention provides a safe synthesis method of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, wherein the safe synthesis method comprises the steps: based on the isomerism characteristics of 1,3,5-cyclohexyltriketone imine and 1,3,5-triaminobenzene, taking 1,3,5-cyclohexyltriketone as a reaction raw material, and preparing N,N',N''-triacetyl-1,3,5-triaminobenzene through a trioximation reaction, an N-O bond cleavage-isomerism reaction and an N-acylation reaction; and taking N,N',N''-triacetyl-1,3,5-triaminobenzene as a raw material, and preparing TATB through a multi-stage one-pot tri-nitration reaction. The method has the significant characteristic of the multi-stage one-pot tri-nitration reaction, so that the amination step of an explosive multi-nitro-compound is avoided so as to substantially improve the safety, the used reactants or the used catalyst is the common product in the chemical industry, the use of a non-degradable organic solvent is avoided, the green and safe synthesis is achieved; and meanwhile, on the basis of the characteristics of a one-pot method, the operation process is simplified, operations such as separation, purification and collection of an intermediate product are avoided, and large-scale preparation of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene is facilitated.

The invention discloses a heteropolyvanadate compound which has a molecular formula [NH2(CH3)2]12[(V5O9Cl)6(TATB)8]. A preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving VCl4 and 4,4,4-triazine-2,4,6-tribenzoic acid into 2ml of N,N-dimethyl formamide and 0.5mL of an acetonitrile solution, and carrying out stirring at room temperature; carrying out crystallization for 40-60 hours at 125-135 DEG C; reducing the temperature, separating a green crystal, carrying out washing, and carrying out room-temperature drying, so as to obtain the heteropolyvanadate compound. In-vitro experiment results show that median inhibitory concentrations of the salt upon cells SMMC-7721, MCF-7, A549 and HL-60 are respectively 0.67[mu] mol / L, 0.44[mu]mol / L, 0.48[mu]mol / L and 2.09[mu]mol / L; and in-vivo experiment results show that the salt is capable of reducing weights of tumors of Hep-A-22 liver cancer tumor-bearing mice.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an energetic material with controllable interface infiltration performance. The preparation method includes the steps that firstly, an energetic material with hydrophilicity is prepared; secondly, an energetic material wrapping specific nanometer particles is prepared; thirdly, washing and drying are conducted; fourthly, soaking with an alkyl siloxane solution is conducted; and fifthly, washing and drying are conducted, so that the energetic material with the controllable interface infiltration performance is obtained. The preparation method has the beneficial effects that expensive equipment and severe experiment conditions do not need to be used, and the production cost is reduced; the characteristics of convenience and rapidness are achieved, and good infiltration performance controllability is achieved; the energetic material which is prepared through the preparation method and has the controllable surface and interface infiltration performance is used for the field of PBX, the infiltration performance can be changed at any time according to changes of a bonding system, and a good solid-liquid complete infiltrating and wrapping effect is achieved; and water-insoluble energetic materials such as HMX, RDX and TATB can be used as modification matrixes, and the wide application range is achieved.

The invention provides a high-explosion-heat aluminium-containing explosive. The high-explosion-heat aluminium-containing explosive is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 5-20% of terminated functional group-containing liquid fluororubber, 0.5-5% of a curing agent, 35-80% of a main explosive and 10-40% of aluminium powder, wherein the terminated functional group-containing liquid fluororubber is carboxyl-terminated liquid fluororubber or hydroxyl-terminated liquid fluororubber with number-average molecular weight of 2000-18000; the curing agent is an isocyanate curingagent or an epoxy resin curing agent; the main explosive is one or a combination of more of RDX, HMX, CL-20, TATB, FOX-7 and LLM-105; and the grain size of aluminium powder is 50 nm-100 mum. The formula provided by the invention can remarkably increase explosion heat of the explosive.