23results about "Nitrated aromatic explosive compositions" patented technology

The invention provides a DFDNTN / TNAZ eutectic substance and a preparation method thereof, DFDNTN and TNAZ are weighed in proportion in an alumina crucible of DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) according to the total amount of 5mg, a test is carried out under the conditions that nitrogen is used as an atmosphere and the heating rate is 10k / min in DSC thermal analysis, the temperature is raised to 150 DEG C which is higher than the melting point of any single component, and one sample is circulated for three times, so that the samples can be uniformly mixed. DSC curves of different heating rates are obtained. When the ratio of DFDNTN to TNAZ is 4: 6, the melting point is 88 DEG C. According to the method, the eutectic point can be quickly found by using a trace amount of samples, and the eutectic substance and the high-energy component (RDX) are mixed by adopting a micro-heat thermal instrument, so that the thermal behavior between the eutectic substance and the high-energy component is researched. The melting point of the eutectoid prepared by the invention is reduced, so that the energy characteristic, the mechanical sensitivity and the decomposition temperature of the eutectoid are between those of two single components, and the volatility of TNAZ can be effectively relieved.

The present application relates to a kind of stable preparation method of type II basic lead stephanate, belong to detonating explosive, firing charge, pyrotechnics, energetic material technical field.The method described in the present application is prepared by changing reaction raw materials, optimizing synthesis process and hydrothermal reaction, to obtain type II B-LTNR product.The method avoids the generation of type I acicular B-LTNR, not only improves the physical and chemical stability of B-LTNR, reduces mechanical sensitivity, but also significantly improves its dispersibility, mixing and packing density and other application performance.Using the method can ensure the quality and application reliability of the obtained type II B-LTNR product, the obtained product has good flowability, good crystal shape consistency, high yield and other characteristics, and the process is simple and easy to operate, high safety, suitable for industrial production, has good application prospect in detonating explosive, firing charge, pyrotechnics, energetic material and other related technical fields.

The method comprises the following steps: pre-modifying the surface of the explosive, preparing an acidic polyanion aqueous solution, carrying out in-situ polymerization coating on the surface of the explosive, putting the pre-modified explosive into the acidic polyanion aqueous solution, stirring and dispersing at normal temperature, and carrying out in-situ polymerization coating on the surface of the explosive under the initiation of an acidic anionic polymer, 4-aminostyrene coats the explosive through spontaneous polymerization of a zwitter-ion mechanism to obtain the polymerized and coated explosive. The preparation process of the coated explosive is simple, convenient and easy to operate, polymerization coating of the surfaces of different explosives can be achieved, all-directional, uniform and tight coating of the explosives can be achieved, the bonding strength is high, and the inherent physicochemical, safety, morphology and other characteristics of the explosives cannot be affected.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hazardous waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a solid organic reducing agent. The invention finds that a liquid reactant matrix taking organic matters as main components can react with various organic hazardous wastes, harmful substances in the organic hazardous wastes are harmlessly treated, and meanwhile, a solid mixed product with a high additional value is prepared. According to the method, original waste is directly added, only a common heating and stirring device is needed, the treated waste can be prepared into a reducing agent, the energy density of the low-calorific-value organic hazardous waste is remarkably improved, harmful substances in the organic hazardous waste are subjected to harmlessness, meanwhile, a solid-state mixed product with the high additional value is prepared, and the environment is protected. The toxicity, reactivity and corrosivity of the organic hazardous waste are eliminated, no three wastes (waste water, waste gas and waste residues) are generated in the whole process, and the green chemistry principle is met. The reaction steps involved in the process are few, the treatment process is fast, the reaction conditions are simple, and the cost is saved.

The application discloses a method for preparing spherical TATB-based explosives based on super-hydrophobic effect, which comprises the following steps: adding TATB into a molten binder, stirring, and gradually reducing the temperature to solidify the mixture to obtain a TATB-binder mixture; cutting the TATB-binder mixture into a desired size, placing the mixture on a super-hydrophobic anti-sticking release agent surface, heating the mixture in a water bath to melt the TATB-binder mixture, using the super-hydrophobic interface effect to spontaneously gather the molten material into spherical particles with uniform particle size, and gradually reducing the temperature to completely solidify the spherical particles; and filtering, washing and drying the solidified product to obtain spherical TATB-based explosives. The process flow is simple, the preparation cost is low, the particle size of the product can be accurately controlled within 400-2000 microns, the flowability is excellent, the crystal form and thermal decomposition performance of each component in the system are stable, the compatibility of TATB and the binder is excellent, and an energetic binder can be selected to effectively avoid the energy reduction of the explosive system, thereby providing a new technical path for the engineering application of spherical TATB-based explosives.

The application provides application of 3-bromo-5-fluoro-2,4,6-trinitroanisole as a liquid carrier in mixed explosives and melt-cast explosives, and belongs to the technical field of explosive preparation.The melt-cast explosive provided by the application comprises the following components in percentage by mass: liquid carrier: 48%; solid filler: 50%; plasticizer: 2%; wherein the liquid carrier is 3-bromo-5-fluoro-2,4,6-trinitroanisole.The 3-bromo-5-fluoro-2,4,6-trinitroanisole used in the application has good thermal stability, high density, low toxicity, is green and environment-friendly, has small volatility, low sensitivity, good formability, good mechanical properties, no shrinkage and cracks after pouring, and the prepared melt-cast explosive has the characteristics of high energy, low sensitivity, high density and the like.The cost of the raw material involved is very low, and there is a basis for large-scale production, and the production cost is obviously lower than that of traditional TNT.

The invention relates to a fusible / castable explosive composition (10), characterized in that it comprises at least two components: a fusible explosive (12); a phlegmatizer (23) soluble at the melting temperature of the fusible explosive (12), and in that the phlegmatizer (23) is present in a non-zero mass proportion and less than or equal to 10% of the total mass of the fusible / castable explosive composition (10); the fusible explosive (12) is present in a mass proportion greater than 20% and less than 100% of the total mass of the fusible / castable explosive composition (10), the sum of the mass proportions of the components of the fusible / castable explosive composition (10) being equal to 100%. Fig. 2

The invention discloses a method for high and low temperature gradient dissolution of hydrogen-bond-rich explosives, and belongs to the field of TATB application. The method sequentially comprises the following steps: preparing a tetrabutylammonium fluoride / aqueous solution, namely a deep eutectic solvent A, with the molar ratio of 10: 0.5-10: 1.5; the method comprises the following steps: adding excessive TATB powder into a deep-eutectic solvent A, stirring at room temperature, and heating to the boiling point of water in stages; and measuring the TATB content at each section of temperature, and converting the TATB content into the solubility of the TATB at different temperatures. According to the method provided by the invention, gradient dissolution of the TATB at high and low temperatures can be realized, the solubility of the TATB at the high temperature is more than two times that of the TATB at the low temperature, the high and low temperature solubility difference (delta S) reaches 70mg / mL, a solvent solution can be provided for cooling recrystallization of the TATB, and the method has important application value in weapon systems. In addition, the invention further discloses application of the method for high and low temperature gradient dissolution of the hydrogen-bond-rich explosive in a weapon system.

Provided is an explosive composition for diamond synthesis, which is capable of producing diamond particles having a large diameter. An explosive composition for diamond synthesis, which contains an explosive component, a carbon starting material that can be contained as the explosive component, and diamond particles, and wherein the total proportion of the explosive component, the carbon starting material, and the diamond particles is 99 mass% or more with respect to the total amount of the explosive composition for diamond synthesis. It is preferable that the crystallite diameter of the primary particles of the diamond particles is 100 nm or less as determined by the XRD method.

The invention relates to a preparation method of polycrystalline diamond particles with high recovery rate, which comprises the following steps: preparing a main grain: uniformly mixing an explosive and graphite, putting the mixture into a cylindrical mold with the bottom diameter of 20-40mm, increasing the pressure to 80-100MPa at the rate of 8-10MPa / min and maintaining the pressure for 3-5 minutes, increasing the pressure to 200-220MPa at the rate of 2-5MPa / min and maintaining the pressure for 20-30 minutes, and then adding the main grain into the cylindrical mold to obtain the main grain; the ratio of the height to the diameter of the pressed main grain is 1.0-1.5, and the density of the main grain is 1.50-1.52 g / cm < 3 >. In the prior art, the density of the main grain should be optimized within the range of 1.60-1.65 g / cm < 3 >, but the final recovery rate of the diamond particles can be increased to 11-13% when the density of the main grain is within the low range of 1.50-1.52 g / cm < 3 >.

The invention discloses a high polymer bonded explosive with mild and self-healing damage, a polyamidosemicarbazide binder and a preparation method of the high polymer bonded explosive. The high polymer bonded explosive with mild and self-healing damage comprises the following components: (a) a high-energy explosive; and (b) a polyamidosemicarbazide binder, the polyamidosemicarbazide binder has a disulfide bond structure and also contains multiple hydrogen bonds, and can be subjected to reversible exchange or reconstruction reaction under a mild heating condition, and a polymer molecular chain has sufficient movement ability at a damaged part of the high polymer bonded explosive, flows and fills a damaged interface, so that the damage of the high polymer bonded explosive to the damaged part is avoided. The disulfide bond and the hydrogen bond can be formed again, so that the microstructure and the strength of the explosive are recovered.

The invention relates to a nitrating mixture for the nitration of 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrotoluene to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene containing from 5 to 20 wt. % of nitric oxide (V), from 60 to 80 wt. % of nitric acid (V) and from 5 to 30 wt. % sulfuric acid (VI). The invention further relates to a process for obtaining of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene comprising contacting 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrotoluene with the nitrating mixture according to the invention and heating the resulting reaction mixture, characterized in that the mass ratio of the nitrating mixture to 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrotoluene is not greater than 10:1.

The present invention discloses a microchannel continuous flow method for preparing a liquid phase carrier for molten-cast explosives. The method utilizes multiple microchannel reactors connected in series, rapidly mixing an anisole derivative reaction solution and a nitrating agent to which a surfactant is added in proportion in the microchannel reactors, and then maintaining the mixture under certain temperature conditions for a period of time to complete the reaction, thereby obtaining a mixed acid solution containing the product. After cooling, the mixture is quenched and crystallized, and filtered and dried to obtain the liquid phase carrier for molten-cast explosives. The method has the advantages of improving the mixing efficiency between the liquid phase carrier raw material, intermediate, product oil phase, and nitrating agent aqueous phase during the heating reaction by using a surfactant, thereby improving the reaction yield, increasing product purity, and reducing the reaction time. With a retention time of approximately 3 to 15 minutes, the product purity is greater than 99%, and the product yield is as high as 97%.

The invention belongs to the field of chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a polynitro-triphenylenediamine energetic compound and a preparation method thereof, the energetic compound has a structural formula as follows: # imgabs0 #, and R is halogen or C-NO2. The multi-nitro-triphenylenediamine energetic compound provided by the invention is an energetic material which is novel in structure and can be reliably detonated, has relatively high thermal stability, relatively high thermal decomposition temperature and relatively high melting point, and is simple in production process, cost-saving and suitable for industrial production and popularization.

The present invention relates to a nitration mixture for nitrating 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrotoluene to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, containing 5 to 20% by weight of nitrogen(V) oxide, 60 to 80% by weight of nitrogen(V) nitrate and 5 to 30% by weight of sulfur(VI) acid. The present invention further relates to a process for obtaining 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, comprising contacting 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrotoluene with the nitration mixture according to the invention and heating the resulting reaction mixture, characterized in that the mass ratio of the nitration mixture to 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrotoluene is 10:1 or less.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a low-chlorine TATB crystal with a uniform pore structure, which comprises the following steps: dissolving crude TCTNB in toluene, and filtering to remove toluene insoluble substances to obtain a TCTNB solution; introducing nitrogen to discharge air in the reactor, transferring the TCTNB solution into the reactor, adding deionized water, sealing and heating, then introducing ammonia gas for reaction, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is completed, and filtering to obtain crude TATB; adding the crude TATB into hot water, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a suspension; and carrying out ultrasonic-assisted boiling washing on the suspension, filtering, alternately washing with acetone and hot water, and drying to obtain the low-chlorine TATB crystal with a uniform pore structure. The pore size of the TATB crystal obtained by the preparation method provided by the invention is concentrated in the range of 60-100 nm, the position distribution is uniform, and the chlorine content is less than or equal to 0.35%. The method is simple in technological process, mild in condition and suitable for industrial preparation of high-quality insensitive explosives for nuclear weapons and conventional weapons, and has both safety and magnification.

Pyrotechnic mixture with potassium benzanate, said pyrotechnic mixture comprising a binary or ternary intermixture comprising at least two selected from potassium benzanate, copper picramate and potassium picrate.

Provided is an explosive composition for diamond synthesis which enables the production of diamond particles having a relatively large particle size.　This explosive composition for diamond synthesis comprises an explosive component, a carbon material which may be constituted by the explosive component, and diamond particles, wherein the total proportion of the explosive component, the carbon material and the diamond particles relative to the total amount of the explosive composition for diamond synthesis is 99 mass% or greater. Preferably, the crystallite size of primary particles of the diamond particles determined by XRD is not more than 100 nm.

This invention discloses a method for synthesizing a class of energetic compounds of 3-(3,5-dinitrophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole. The structural feature of these compounds is a 3-(3,5-dinitrophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole ring as the basic skeleton, with trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, amino, methylazido, and methyl hydroxyl groups as substituents. This invention belongs to the field of energetic materials technology. The 5-trifluoromethyl-3-(3,5-dinitrophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole and 5-methylazido-3-(3,5-dinitrophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole described in this invention possess low melting points and low sensitivity, showing promising applications in cast-supported explosives.

The invention relates to a nitrating mixture for the nitration of 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrotoluene to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene containing from 5 to 20 wt. % of nitric oxide (V), from 60 to 80 wt. % of nitric acid (V) and from 5 to 30 wt. % sulfuric acid (VI). The invention further relates to a process for obtaining of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene comprising contacting 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrotoluene with the nitrating mixture according to the invention and heating the resulting reaction mixture, characterized in that the mass ratio of the nitrating mixture to 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrotoluene is not greater than 10:1.

The invention provides a blocky hexanitrostilbene crystal, a preparation method and application, the method comprises the following steps: step 1, adding a formula amount of HNS crude product into a good solvent, heating, stirring and dissolving to obtain a mixed solution; step 2, dropwise adding an anti-solvent into the mixed solution, cooling and filtering to obtain a solid B; and step 3, adding the solid B into an erosion solvent, heating, stirring, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the corrosion inhibitor, the mass ratio of the HNS crude product to the good solvent to the anti-solvent to the erosion solvent is 1: (15-30): (20-60): (5-15). According to the method disclosed by the invention, the hexanitrostilbene crystal with the high-quality blocky morphology is prepared by adopting a method of coupling solventing-out non-solvent crystallization with solvent erosion, the preparation method is simple, and the prepared HNS crystal is high in crystallinity, regular in morphology, smooth in surface, small in length-diameter ratio, good in product uniformity and high in quality.

The present invention relates to: a melt cast explosive using an aluminum wool, the explosive containing a molecular explosive that can be mixed in the aluminum wool and melted; and a preparation method therefor, and thus the brittleness of a conventional melt cast explosive using an aluminum powder can be alleviated and preparation is possible through a preparation process that is simpler than a conventional preparation method using an aluminum powder.