A method for preparing fuel by nitroesterification of plant cellulose and lignin mixture

A plant cellulose and plant fiber powder technology, which is applied in the field of nitrocellulose fuel preparation, can solve the problems of difficult to handle, reduce energy, and high cost of nitrocellulose, and achieve efficient recycling, high viscosity stability, and low impurity content Effect

Active Publication Date: 2022-02-22
梅万伦
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Due to the high cost of producing nitrocellulose from refined cotton and the limited cotton output, the work of looking for plant cellulose that can replace refined cotton to make fuel through nitroesterification has been carried out and achieved certain results. Plant raw materials, crop straws, etc. It is rich in cellulose, lignin, pectin, gum and non-cellulose sugar, but it requires complex preprocessing, high-purity extraction, cooking and alkali washing, and bleaching to high-quality cellulose before nitration reaction Obtain nitrocellulose with good stability, fast burning rate and high specific impulse efficiency
However, because cellulose and lignin in plant tissues are often tightly intertwined, it is difficult to completely separate them. Although a lot of research has been done on the separation and extraction process of cellulose, due to the limitation of the extraction method, the pre-treatment when preparing the fiber The treatment process is still complicated and various, and other energy substances other than cellulose are not utilized, and become harmful and difficult to handle
[0003] On the other hand, in the traditional nitric-sulfur mixed acid nitration system, the pyrolysis of sulfuric acid causes the viscosity of the esterification product to decrease and even the fiber shape to be destroyed. The flushing and stabilization treatment consumes a lot of water and energy, and also produces a lot of waste water and waste gas. The environment causes great pollution; in order to prevent thermal decomposition and prolong the shelf life of the product, it is necessary to add corresponding raw materials and processes and reduce energy, which cannot meet the functions of green manufacturing and large-scale use in the energy field as fuel

Method used

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  • A method for preparing fuel by nitroesterification of plant cellulose and lignin mixture

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Embodiment 1

[0029] A preparation method of plant nitrocellulose mixed ester fuel, comprising the following steps:

[0030] (1) Rinse the crop straw with water, dry it, and carry out shearing and grinding to obtain a crop straw fiber powder with a particle size of 0.0374 mm to 0.300 mm ≥ 50%. Then, the fiber powder is washed, sieved, dehydrated, and then microwaved. Radiation treatment, the radiation amount of microwave is 4.9W / g powder, and the treatment is 40min;

[0031](2) Carry out dry distillation and carbonization pretreatment on the powder with excessive viscosity and high smoke generation in the resultant of step (1) to remove starch, lignin and impurities, reduce ash content and grinding coefficient, and then filter and dry by sedimentation Obtain the mixture of cellulose and wood flour, the average density of the mixture is 320kg / m 3 ;Wood flour includes a mixture of wood pulp, pectin and xylose;

[0032] (3) Carry out carding and drying treatment on the mixture first, and mak...

Embodiment 2

[0039] A preparation method of plant nitrocellulose mixed ester fuel, comprising the following steps:

[0040] (1) Rinse the crop straw with water, dry it, and perform shearing and grinding to obtain a crop straw fiber powder with a particle size of 0.0374 mm to 0.300 mm ≥ 50%, then wash, sieve, dehydrate the fiber powder, and then cook For processing, the temperature is 98°C, and steamed for more than 1 hour;

[0041] (2) Carry out dry distillation and carbonization pretreatment on the powder with excessive viscosity and high smoke generation in the resultant of step (1) to remove starch, lignin and impurities, reduce ash content and grinding coefficient, and then filter and dry by sedimentation Obtain the mixture of cellulose and wood flour, the average density of the mixture is 430kg / m 3 ;Wood flour includes a mixture of wood pulp, pectin and xylose;

[0042] (3) Carry out combing and drying treatment on the mixture first, and make the average density 430kg / m 3 The mixed...

Embodiment 3

[0049] A preparation method of plant nitrocellulose mixed ester fuel, comprising the following steps:

[0050] (1) Wash the raw bamboo with water, dry it and carry out shearing and grinding to obtain bamboo fiber powder with a particle size of 100 μm to 150 μm, then wash, sieve and dehydrate the fiber powder, and then carry out cooking treatment at a temperature of 100°C , cook for more than 1h;

[0051] (2) Carry out dry distillation and carbonization pretreatment on the powder with excessive viscosity and high smoke generation in the resultant of step (1) to remove starch, lignin and impurities, reduce ash content and grinding coefficient, and then filter and dry by sedimentation Obtain the mixture of cellulose and wood flour, the average density of the mixture is 510kg / m 3 ;Wood flour includes a mixture of wood pulp, pectin and xylose;

[0052] (3) Carry out combing and drying treatment on the mixture first, and make the average density 510kg / m 3 The mixed material packa...

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing fuel by nitroesterification of plant cellulose and lignin mixture, which comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating the plant raw material; (2) filtering the product obtained in step (1) through precipitation, Dry to obtain a mixture of cellulose and wood flour; (3) Nitroesterification reaction: add the mixture to mixed acid for nitroesterification reaction, the temperature of the nitration reaction is 25°C to 58°C, and the reaction time is 5min to 3h (4) After subsequent stabilization treatment and precipitation washing, nitrocellulose mixed ester fuel is obtained. The present invention adopts nitroesterification technology to process the plant mixed raw material, so that the molar atomic ratio of the energy elements C, H, O, N, etc. contained in the plant cellulose mixed material is changed, and the recombined elements after nitration can realize oxygen Equilibrium, under certain conditions of pressure, temperature, humidity, and particle size, after ignition, the parallel layers burn regularly and stably without air, and are converted into heat and gas energy.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of nitrocellulose fuel, and in particular relates to a method for preparing fuel by nitroesterification of a mixture of plant cellulose and lignin. Background technique [0002] Cellulose is easy to grow and obtain in nature, and crop straw and forestry wood are rich in cellulose; nitrocellulose, also known as nitrocellulose or cellulose nitrate, is the product of the reaction between cellulose and nitric acid. Energy chemical materials are widely used in the fields of gunpowder, explosives and rocket propellants, paints, and celluloid products. Gunpowder made of this material has no smoke when it burns, so it is also called smokeless medicine and has little environmental pollution. At present, the production of nitrocellulose at home and abroad mainly uses refined cotton as the raw material, which is obtained by chemically reacting the mixed acid of nitric acid and sulfuric acid after the co...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C10L5/44
CPCC10L5/44C10L2290/36C10L2290/28C10L2290/08Y02E50/10Y02E50/30
Inventor 梅万伦
Owner 梅万伦
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