Fuel cell cold start device and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell cold start device and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of automobiles. The device comprises a first circulating pump, a first heat exchanger anda first electric heating mechanism which are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a first circulating loop, and a second circulating pump, a second heat exchanger and a second electric heating mechanism which are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a second circulating loop. The first heat exchanger can heat a power cell, and the second heat exchanger can heat a fuel cell. The device also comprises a system controller and a power motor. The system controller is electrically connected with the fuel cell, the power cell, the first circulating pump, the first electric heating mechanism, the second circulating pump, the second electric heating mechanism and the power motor. Compared with the prior art, under the condition that the temperature of the fuel cell is lowerthan zero DEG C, the fuel cell can work with high output power, the fuel cell is heated, freezing of water generated in the fuel cell is avoided, rapid cold start is achieved, and the performance ofthe whole vehicle is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a fuel cell cold start device and a control method. Background technique [0002] The fuel cell of a fuel cell vehicle is a device that can directly convert the chemical energy in the fuel into electrical energy. Compared with a generator set composed of an internal combustion engine and a generator, the energy conversion link is reduced, so the efficiency is high, and the product of energy conversion is only It can have electricity and water, and can achieve zero pollution. However, because fuel cells cannot recover braking energy, fuel cell vehicles are generally equipped with power batteries to recover braking energy. [0003] Since the chemical reaction of the fuel cell is carried out on the proton exchange membrane and water is generated, if the ambient temperature is low, the water will freeze and cover the proton exchange membrane, which will affect the chemical reacti...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] The fuel cell of a fuel cell vehicle is a device that can directly convert the chemical energy in the fuel into electrical energy. Compared with a generator set composed of an internal combustion engine and a generator, the energy conversion link is reduced, so the efficiency is high, and the product of energy conversion is only It can have electricity and water, and can achieve zero pollution, but because fuel cells cannot recover braking energy, fuel cell vehicles are generally equipped with power batteries to recover braking energy

[0003] Because the chemical reaction of the fuel cell is carried out on the proton exchange membrane and water is generated, if the ambient temperature is low, the water will freeze and cover the proton exchange membrane, affecting the chemical reaction and causing the fuel cell to fail to work

Therefore, in the cold start process of the fuel cell, in order to make the fuel cell work normally and heat up rapidly, the fuel cell needs to output a large power, and the heat generated during the working process prevents the generated water from freezing. The charging power of the battery is limited, and when the driving power demand of the power motor is low, the power battery cannot fully absorb the electric power output by the fuel cell during the cold start process, and the fuel cell can only reduce the output power, resulting in the heat generated by the fuel cell being unable to stop The generated water freezes, the reaction cannot proceed, the cold start is unsuccessful, and the performance of the whole vehicle is reduced

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