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A method for pyro-reduction smelting bismuth to enrich platinum group metals in waste automobile exhaust catalysts

An auto catalyst and platinum group metal technology, applied in the direction of improving process efficiency, can solve the problems of not being well suited for platinum group metal enrichment treatment and high smelting temperature, so as to reduce the difficulty of separation and recovery, eliminate low recovery rate, Good enrichment effect

Active Publication Date: 2021-07-30
ANHUI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Bismuth gold assay as a fire assay method can effectively avoid the problems of base metal separation difficulties, high toxicity of collectors, and high melting temperature in traditional methods. The composition and metal capture mechanism of waste automobile exhaust catalysts are substantially different from the above-mentioned processes, so the above-mentioned processes are not suitable for the enrichment of platinum group metals in waste automobile catalysts

Method used

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  • A method for pyro-reduction smelting bismuth to enrich platinum group metals in waste automobile exhaust catalysts
  • A method for pyro-reduction smelting bismuth to enrich platinum group metals in waste automobile exhaust catalysts
  • A method for pyro-reduction smelting bismuth to enrich platinum group metals in waste automobile exhaust catalysts

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Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0053] Step 1. Ingredients

[0054] A waste automobile exhaust catalyst was coarsely crushed and finely crushed, and the particle size was 200 meshes. Accurately weighed 50.00g and put it into a clay crucible, added 3.71g of bismuth oxide, 4.16g of bismuth oxychloride and 4.16g of bismuth hydroxide, and then added sodium carbonate 35.00g, 31.09g of sodium bicarbonate, 28.78g of sodium hydroxide and 32.14g of potassium carbonate, then add 0.21g of wheat flour, 0.10g of coke powder and 0.10g of sweet potato powder, stir well, the silicic acidity of the material is K=0.5, and finally add The covering agent 4.5g that is made up of sodium carbonate and silicon dioxide by the mass ratio of 100:14 fully covers batching (the silicic acid degree of this embodiment is lower, and the silicon dioxide contained in the waste and old automobile exhaust catalyst can satisfy the requirement of batching. Silicic acidity requirements, so there is no need to add acidic silicon or silicon dioxide ...

Embodiment 2

[0060] Step 1. Ingredients

[0061] A waste automobile exhaust catalyst was coarsely crushed and finely crushed to a particle size of 200 mesh, and 50.00 g was accurately weighed and put into a clay crucible, and 13.30 g of sodium bismuthate, 14.07 g of potassium bismuthate, 5.57 g of bismuth oxide and 6.25 g of bismuth oxychloride were added respectively. g, then add 50.00g of sodium carbonate, 40.10g of borax, 58.82g of boric acid and 15.01g of silicon dioxide, then add 0.50g of wheat flour, 0.21g of coke powder and 0.21g of coal powder, stir well, and the silicic acidity of the material K=1.3 , and finally add 12.5g of covering agent composed of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and silicon dioxide in a mass ratio of 50:50:30 to fully cover the ingredients.

[0062] Step 2. Primary smelting and capture

[0063] Put the above prepared crucible into a muffle furnace that has been heated to 800°C, and raise the temperature to 1100°C in 60 minutes. Stir properly during the...

Embodiment 3

[0067] Step 1. Ingredients

[0068] A waste automobile exhaust catalyst was coarsely crushed and finely crushed to a particle size of 200 meshes, and 50.00 g was accurately weighed and put into a clay crucible, and 13.30 g of sodium bismuthate, 14.07 g of potassium bismuthate, 11.15 g of bismuth oxide, and 12.50 g of bismuth oxychloride g and bismuth hydroxide 12.50g, then add sodium carbonate 20.00g, potassium carbonate 20.00g, sodium formate 10.00g, sodium acetate 10.01g, sodium bicarbonate 10.01g, calcium oxide 5.00g, borax 60.00g, boric acid 38.82g and dioxide Silicon 45.50g, then add wheat flour 1.00g, coke powder 0.21g and sweet potato flour 1.00g, fully stir, the material silicic acidity K=2.2, finally add sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, borax, silicon dioxide according to 33: 15g of covering agent composed of 17:30:20 mass ratio will cover the ingredients evenly.

[0069] Step 2. Primary smelting and capture

[0070] Put the above prepared crucible into a muff...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for enriching platinum group metals in waste automobile exhaust catalysts by pyro-reduction smelting bismuth, which belongs to the field of rare metal smelting. The process steps include batching, primary smelting and capturing and secondary smelting and capturing. In the present invention, metal bismuth is used as a trapping agent to smelt and trap platinum, palladium and rhodium in waste automobile exhaust catalysts, and the specific process is optimized to design the platinum, palladium and rhodium in waste automobile exhaust catalysts. Metals are captured more effectively, which improves the recovery rate of platinum group metals and metal bismuth, and also solves the difficulties in the separation of base metals in the traditional copper, lead, iron and other capture methods, the high toxicity of the collector, and the smelting temperature. Higher disadvantages eliminate the defect of low recovery rate caused by catalyst carrier wrapping platinum group metals, reduce the difficulty of separation and recovery of platinum group metals in catalysts, and its process flow is short, enrichment effect is good, environmental protection, non-toxic, low cost, and wide application Good prospects.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of rare metal smelting, and more specifically relates to a method for enriching platinum group metals in waste automobile exhaust catalysts by pyro-reduction smelting bismuth. Background technique [0002] my country's platinum group metal mineral resources are extremely poor, and the prospective reserves are only about 350t, which does not exceed 0.5% of the world's total reserves. However, my country is a big consumer of platinum group metals in the world. In 2017, the consumption of platinum and palladium reached 63.8t and 82.6t respectively, which are mainly used in the field of automobile exhaust catalysts. Automobile exhaust catalysts are called "urban mobile platinum group metal mines". . Carrying out the efficient utilization of secondary resources and comprehensive recovery of platinum group metals is of great significance to solving the serious shortage of platinum group metal mineral resources in my country...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C22B11/02
CPCC22B7/001C22B11/028Y02P10/20
Inventor 张福元赵卓张广安
Owner ANHUI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
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