A Modulation Method Based on Crystallization-Induced Morphological and Structural Transformation of Carbon Nanomaterials
A nano-carbon material and morphology technology, which is applied in the fields of nano-material preparation and electrochemistry, can solve the problems of lack of control, precise modulation, and inability to realize the morphology and structure of nano-carbon materials, and achieves the effect of simple operation and low cost.
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Embodiment 1
[0035] Dissolve 8 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL of deionized water, add 0.6 g of block copolymer F127 and 0.6 g of rhodanine to the solution, and after completely dissolving, freeze in liquid nitrogen, then freeze-dry for 48 hours to obtain a solid powder; then Under the protection of nitrogen, the powder was heated to 600°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min, and kept for 120min. The carbonized black powder was washed with deionized water to obtain hollow carbon spheres.
[0036] In a liquid nitrogen freezing environment, the nucleation rate of inorganic salts is much greater than the crystal growth rate, so sodium chloride crystals are incompletely grown spherical or ellipsoidal crystals with better dispersion and smaller sizes. Hollow carbon spheres can be obtained by depositing carbon materials on the surface of sodium chloride crystals with this structure. As shown in Fig. 2(a) SEM, the obtained hollow carbon spheres have a diameter of about 200nm.
Embodiment 2
[0038] Dissolve 8g of sodium chloride in 100mL of deionized water, add 0.6g of block copolymer F127 and 0.6g of rhodanine to the solution, and after it is completely dissolved, place it in a freezer to freeze at -50°C, and then freeze-dry for 48 hours to obtain Solid powder; then heat the powder to 600°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min under the protection of nitrogen, and keep it warm for 120min. The black powder obtained by carbonization was washed with deionized water to obtain a three-dimensional graphene network interconnected by vesicles.
[0039] In the -50°C freezing environment, compared with liquid nitrogen freezing, the growth rate of inorganic salt crystals is greatly increased, and the crystal movement rate is accelerated, resulting in an increased probability of crystal collision. At this time, the sodium chloride crystals grow into larger spherical or ellipsoidal aggregates, and carbon materials can be deposited on the surface of the sodium chloride crystals with t...
Embodiment 3
[0042] Dissolve 8g of sodium chloride in 100mL of deionized water, add 0.6g of block copolymer F127 and 0.6g of rhodanine to the solution, after it is completely dissolved, place it in a freezer to freeze at -25°C, and then freeze-dry for 48 hours to obtain Solid powder; then heat the powder to 600°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min under the protection of nitrogen, and keep it warm for 120min. The black powder obtained by carbonization was washed with deionized water to obtain graphene nanosheets.
[0043] In a freezing environment at -25°C, the growth rate of inorganic salts is greatly improved. Since the growth rates of each crystal plane are different, the crystal plane with a fast growth rate is covered by a crystal plane with a slow growth rate such as {100}, so the inorganic salt crystal tends to grow into a cube shape. Graphene nanosheets can be obtained by depositing carbon materials on the surface of sodium chloride crystals with this structure. As shown in Fig. 2(c) S...
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