Comprehensive prevention and treatment method for root-knot nematodes of greenhouse melons

Abstract

The invention provides a comprehensive prevention and treatment method for root-knot nematodes of greenhouse melons. The method comprises the following steps: (1) applying a basic fertilizer 15-20 days before melon planting, thoroughly watering the basic fertilizer, covering the basic fertilizer with a mulching film, and performing high-temperature greenhouse braising; and (2) 3-5 days before melon planting, lifting up films around a greenhouse to release air. 1, fertilizers and agents used in the comprehensive prevention and treatment method provided by the invention are environmentally friendly, free of pollution, free of toxic or side effect on human beings or livestock and free of residue in soil; 2, unprocessed wheat bran materials used in the method can be all purchased in the market, and plant resources used in the method are very rich and easy to obtain; and 3, the technique that root-knot nematodes of melons are prevented and treated by using unprocessed wheat bran, which is used in the method, is simple to operate, the basic fertilizer is a conventional processing method of farmers, the cost is low, and easiness in popularization can be achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of prevention and control of vegetable diseases and insect pests, and in particular relates to a method for comprehensive prevention and control of melon root-knot nematodes in greenhouses. Background technique [0002] Melon root-knot nematode is one of the common diseases in muskmelon production, especially in the cultivation of muskmelons in protected areas. Melon root-knot nematode is a soil-borne disease in muskmelon cultivation in greenhouses, and the general damage can cause losses of 20%-30 %, causing dwarfing or even death of the plants in severe cases, resulting in a serious reduction in the production of melons, causing serious economic losses, and bringing huge disasters to the production of melons. [0003] For the control of root-knot nematode, the following methods can be adopted: First, crop rotation is the most important agricultural measure, and the effect is also very significant. However...

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Problems solved by technology

However, greenhouse facilities are subject to conditional restrictions, such as rice rotation, which is particularly difficult. Flooding will greatly reduce the use of greenhouse facilities and increase the input of melon planting and production costs.

The second is to cultivate grafted melon seedlings. This measure has been implemented in some areas, but due to technical reasons, the effect of grafting affinity is not very good. The cost of grafted seedlings is high, and it is difficult for farmers to accept it. There is still a long way to go for large-scale promotion.

The third is that planting disease-resistant varieties of melon can resist the damage of root-knot nematodes to the greatest extent, but the selection and promotion of nematode-resistant varieties is very slow due to various factors, such as conventional breeding. The cycle is long, and the progress is very slow; and the work of using modern biotechnology to breed resistance to nematode disease is still in the exploratory stage (Zhu Mingliang, 2003)

However, at present, the number of such varieties is small, which cannot meet the production needs. Secondly, due to the limitation of varieties, it will take time to cultivate varieties with complete resistance to root-knot nematodes.

[0004] For the prevention and control of root-knot nematode, physical control, chemical control and biological control methods can also be used. Dead root-knot nematode, but it is an auxiliary measure after all, what should I do if the disease occurs during plant growth? At present, people generally use chemical nematicides for prevention and control in production. The use effect of traditional fumigants and non-fumigant chemicals is "immediately effective", which has played a great role in controlling the harm of nematodes. However, long-term use will bring A series of problems have arisen, such as the harm of pesticide residues to humans and other organisms, the re-emergence of secondary diseases, and the pollution of the environment have become increasingly prominent, and most of these pesticides are highly toxic and high-residue pesticides, many of which have been gradually eliminated. disabled

Biological control technology can make up for the deficiencies of chemical control, but the biocontrol strains are affected by complex soil ecological factors in the soil, the stability of the biocontrol agent cannot be guaranteed, and the control effect is unstable, which directly restricts the promotion and application

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