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Rail visual inspection imaging system

An imaging system and track technology, applied in measuring devices, material analysis through optical means, instruments, etc., can solve problems such as reflection interference, increase the width of the area illuminated by line light sources, and lose shape change information, so as to reduce system costs and eliminate The effect of specular interference

Pending Publication Date: 2020-05-19
成都精工华耀科技有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The 2D imaging method can obtain surface texture information, but loses the shape change information in the height direction, making it difficult to detect height-changing diseases such as bolt floating
Bright field lighting can clearly capture images of fasteners and the surface of the ballast bed. However, since the rails used in daily use have been rubbed by train wheels for a long time, they are similar to mirror surfaces, and there are obvious specular reflections
As a result, existing bright-field illumination imaging methods cannot obtain images of defects such as cracks on the rail surface
[0005] In view of the above-mentioned problem that the rail head blocks the gauge baffle area, the patent CN201811188680.9 proposes to use two line structured light layouts to provide illumination on both sides of the camera to solve the occlusion problem. The disadvantage of this method is that the number of line structured lights is large, high cost
In view of the above-mentioned specular reflection interference problem on the rail surface, a line light source with oblique downward lighting is used to provide dark-field lighting for the rail and fasteners, which is used for two-dimensional imaging of the rail and fastener area, and is used to solve the problem of specular reflection interference on the rail surface, and to shoot rails Image of defects such as cracks on the surface; however, lighting both the rail and the fastening area on both sides in this way significantly increases the width of the area illuminated by the line light source
In Example 2 of patent CN201811188680.9, the angle between the illumination direction of the light source and the imaging direction is 60 degrees, the height of the conventional rail is 176mm, the minimum width of the illumination area of ​​the line light source is: 176*tan(60)=56.3mm, and the length of the irradiation area is average If it is 800mm, it needs a lighting area of ​​800*56.3mm, which significantly increases the power requirement of the LED array line light source
And it is difficult to use on miniaturized inspection platforms such as intelligent inspection robots that rely on battery power

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0044] Such as figure 1 As shown, the track visual inspection imaging system of the present embodiment consists of 3 3D cameras (3-1, 3-2, 3-3), 3 line structured light generators (4-1, 4-2, 4- 3) Composition.

[0045] Such as figure 2 As shown, the optical centers of the 3D cameras 3-1 and 3-3 are respectively located on the central axis of the cross-section of the rails on both sides, the optical center of the 3D camera 3-2 is located on the central axis of the cross-section of the ballast bed, and the three 3D cameras are all obliquely downward Shooting; the optical centers of the line structured light generators 4-1 and 4-3 are respectively located on the central axis of the rail cross section on both sides, the optical center of the line structured light 4-2 is located on the central axis of the ballast bed cross section, and the three line structured light generators The generators all project vertically downward; the line structured light planes are coplanar and per...

Embodiment 2

[0049] In Embodiment 1, the rail area is still illuminated by bright field, and there is specular reflection interference on the rail surface, so it is impossible to image the cracks on the rail surface. For this reason, on the basis of Example 1, 2 line array cameras and 2 line light sources are added to perform dark-field illumination imaging of the rail area to photograph defects such as cracks in the rail area.

[0050] Such as Figure 6 As shown, a line array camera 7 is placed above the rail to image the surface of the rail vertically downward, and a line light source 8 is placed on one side of the line array camera. illumination. The angle between the plane 11 illuminated by the line light source and the imaging plane 9 of the line array camera is a, and the range of a is 40-90 degrees.

[0051] Such as Figure 7 As shown, above the rail, the line structured light 6 and the line array camera 7 are placed in the middle, and the 3D camera 3 and the line light source 8 ...

Embodiment 3

[0054] The difference from Embodiment 2 is that in order to eliminate the interference caused by the line light source and the environment to the 3D camera, the wavelength of the line light source is n1, the wavelength of the line structured light is n2, n1 is not equal to n2, and a narrow-band filter with a wavelength of n2 is set at the front end of the 3D camera. As for the light sheet, a narrow-band filter with a wavelength of n1 is set at the front end of the line array camera.

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention provides a rail visual inspection imaging system, which comprises three 3D cameras and three linear structured light generators. The system is characterized in that the 3D cameras shoot3D images and extract two-dimensional images at the same time, so that linear array cameras and illumination light sources thereof are reduced. The system cost is reduced under the condition of realizing the same two-dimensional and three-dimensional fusion imaging requirement; and two linear array cameras and two linear light sources are additionally arranged to carry out dark field illuminationimaging on a steel rail area, mirror reflection interference on the surface of the steel rail is eliminated, and therefore a clear steel rail surface image is shot.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rail disease patrol inspection, in particular to a visual rail inspection imaging system. Background technique [0002] Rail transit is the supporting industry of my country's transportation, and it plays a huge role in many aspects such as national economic development and people's daily life. As the infrastructure of rail transit, the performance status of rail is closely related to the safety of rail transit operation. After the subway has been in operation for a long time, due to various reasons such as train rolling, foundation settlement, and material aging, the track condition will gradually deteriorate, and various diseases such as gauge changes, rail fractures, and fastener failures will occur randomly. If it is not dealt with, it may lead to major traffic accidents such as train derailment. Therefore, track inspection and maintenance work is particularly important for subway safety operation m...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G01N21/95
CPCG01N21/8806G01N21/8851G01N21/95G01N2021/8822G01N2021/8887
Inventor 左丽玛
Owner 成都精工华耀科技有限公司