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Rock-breaking cutter head and rock-breaking method combined with microwave, laser and cavitation jet

A technology of laser emission and microwave emission, which is used in earth-moving drilling, mining equipment, tunnels, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2021-10-01
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cutter head structure of the shield machine to overcome the problems of slow tunneling speed and excessive damage of the hob in the extremely hard rock environment of the shield machine Combination of chemical jet erosion rock, hob rock breaking and hot and cold cycle rock breaking to improve the rock breaking efficiency of the cutterhead and save rock breaking costs

Method used

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  • Rock-breaking cutter head and rock-breaking method combined with microwave, laser and cavitation jet
  • Rock-breaking cutter head and rock-breaking method combined with microwave, laser and cavitation jet
  • Rock-breaking cutter head and rock-breaking method combined with microwave, laser and cavitation jet

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Embodiment 1

[0030] Such as figure 1 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a rock-breaking cutter head combined with microwave, laser and cavitation jet, including a cutter head panel 1, a positive hob 2 arranged in a cross shape on the cutter head panel 1 and a center Hobs 3, these hobs divide the cutter head panel 1 into four areas, and the motion tracks of each hob do not overlap, following the law of spiral distribution.

[0031]A microwave emitting device 4 , a laser emitting device 5 and a cavitation jet device 6 are arranged on each area of ​​the cutterhead panel 1 . In this embodiment, two microwave emitting devices 4 are arranged in each area. At the same time, five laser emitting devices 5 are also arranged in each area, arranged in a straight line and having an included angle of 45 degrees with the line where the nearby hob is located, and an included angle with the line where the nearby microwave emitting device 4 is located is 15 degrees. In addition, four...

Embodiment 2

[0038] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a rock breaking method combining microwave, laser and cavitation jet, which is mainly divided into rock heating process and cooling rock breaking process, specifically:

[0039] Step 1, during the rock heating process, the microwave emitting device 4 and the laser emitting device 5 are turned on, so that the cutter head rotates slowly for several circles. Microwave and laser heating of rock rapidly raise the temperature to 450-500 ° C, the strength of rock decreases, and its uniaxial compressive and tensile strength decrease with the increase of temperature. rupture.

[0040] Step 2: In the rock-breaking process of cooling down, the microwave emitting device 4 and the laser emitting device 5 are turned off, and the cavitation jet device 6 is turned on, so that the cutter head is slowly advanced and kept rotating. The cavitation jet erodes the rock and rapidly cools the rock below 300°C. The failure mode of the rock changes...

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Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunneling, and in particular to a rock-breaking cutter head combined with microwave, laser and cavitation jet and a rock-breaking method. The cutter head includes a cutter head panel and a hob arranged on the cutter head panel. The hob divides the cutterhead panel into multiple areas, each area is provided with a microwave emitting device, a laser emitting device and a cavitation jet device, the microwave emitting device can emit microwaves, and the laser emitting device can emit laser light , the cavitation jet device can emit cavitation jet. The invention combines microwave and laser-assisted rock breaking, cavitation jet erosion rock, hot and cold cycle stress rock breaking and hob rock breaking, which overcomes the slow cutting speed of the cutter head and the excessive damage of the hob in the extremely hard rock environment And other problems, improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the cutter head, and save the cost of rock-breaking.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunneling, in particular to a rock-breaking cutterhead and a rock-breaking method combined with microwaves, lasers and cavitation jets. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of large-scale projects such as high-speed railways, urban subways, and mining, more and more tunnels are being planned and constructed. In hard rock tunneling, safe and reliable tunnel boring machines (TBM, including open tunnel boring machines and shield machines) have been widely used. When excavating in extremely hard rock, a large number of knives will be severely worn by the shield machine for a short distance, and tool replacement operations will have to be performed, which will greatly increase the cost of tunnel excavation, and the excavation speed will also be greatly affected. The magnitude is reduced, and the tunnel construction period cannot be well guaranteed. [0003] The weakening ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): E21D9/087E21D9/06E21F17/00
CPCE21D9/087E21F17/00E21D9/0642
Inventor 夏毅敏向香彩暨智勇梅勇兵唐崇茂杨妹林赉贶柳一凡
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV