Current metering device and method based on quantum natural references

Abstract

The invention discloses a current metering device and method based on quantum natural references. The current metering device comprises a to-be-measured magnetic field generation assembly, a pumping-detection type atom magnetometer 3 and a quantum current measurement assembly. The to-be-measured magnetic field generation assembly comprises a magnetic shielding cylinder 1, a standard coil 2 and a current source 8. The magnetic shielding cylinder 1 is used for shielding a geomagnetic field, the standard coil 2 is arranged in the magnetic shielding cylinder 1 in an axial symmetry mode, and the current source 8 inputs a current to the standard coil 2 to generate a to-be-measured magnetic field. A probe part of the pumping-detection type atom magnetometer 3 is arranged at the geometric center of the standard coil 2 and is used for measuring a uniform magnetic field on the axis of the standard coil 2. The quantum current measurement assembly comprises a standard resistor 4 calibrated by a quantum resistance reference and a standard voltmeter 5 calibrated by a quantum voltage reference. Based on the principle that a magnetic field value measured by the pumping-detection type atom magnetometer 3 and a current value in the standard coil 2 are in a linear relation, metering of a current in a wide measuring range from microampere (10 <-6 > A) to ampere (A) is achieved. The coil coefficient of the standard coil 2 is traced to three quantum natural references including Josephson effect (voltage), quantum Hall effect (resistance) and Larmor precession effect (magnetic induction intensity).

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic measurement, and in particular relates to a current measurement device and method based on quantum natural benchmarks. Background technique [0002] Since the 20th century, the discovery of the Josephson effect and the quantized Hall effect has promoted the establishment of quantum voltage references and quantum resistance references, realizing the transition of voltage and resistance from physical references to quantum natural references (reference: Looking forward to the 21st century Electromagnetic Metrology [J], Zhang Zhonghua, Measurement and Control Technology, 2002, 21: 17-22). At present, the single-electron tunneling effect is considered to be possible to realize the quantum natural benchmark of current, and the scientific and technological circles have proposed the idea of ​​"quantum voltage, quantum resistance, and quantum current" in the electrical quantum triangle closure and ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The current generated by single-electron tunneling is only in picoamperes (10 -12 A) order of magnitude, however, the small current that can be precisely measured currently needs to reach at least microampere (10 -6 A) order of magnitude, the gap of 6 orders of magnitude makes the practical application of single electron tunneling effect very difficult

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