Methods And Solutions For Storing Donor Organs

Abstract

The present invention provides methods of preserving, storing and transplanting mammalian donor organs. The method includes the cooling of refrigeration preservation, loading pre-freezer preservation, cryopreservation, and washing solutions at least containing polyvinylpyrrolidone, a calcium channel blocker, a nucleoside, potassium chloride, polyethylene glycol, at least one amino acid, and a steroid to a temperature of 2° to 4° C. and / or of 0° to 2° C., harvesting a donor organ, perfusing it with one or more of the solution, immersing it in one or more of the solutions and storing it at a temperature above 0° C. or at a temperatures below 0° C. including −20° C., −80° C. and −196° C. The cryopreservation solution also contains cryopreservative agents. Preserved organs may be transplanted directly from refrigeration storage or from freezer storage by cooling the washing refrigeration preservation solutions to 2° to 4° C., perfusing the organ with washing solution and then preservation solution, and transplanting it.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE [0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 698,618, filed Jul. 11, 2005, which is incorporated herein by reference.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The invention relates generally to organ storage systems. More particularly, the invention relates to solutions and methods for preserving donor organs and storing them for extended periods of time before transplantation or other use in the future. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] One of the greatest problems in donor organ transplantation is the storage and preservation of organs between the time of harvest from a donor and the time of transplantation into a recipient. The amount of time that can lapse between the two events is quite limited because the cells and tissues of the donor organ deteriorate over time, even if they are stored at refrigerated temperatures. Once harvested, cells and tissues are deprived of the oxygen that is required to maintain internal metabolism and cell v...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0006] The invention describes solutions and methods for preserving donor organs for use in transplantation or other medical purposes in the future. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a variety of storage methods at different temperatures are provided. The invention provides for example a first series of methods for cold storage or storage at refrigerator temperatures (about 0° to about 6° C.), and a second series of methods for storage at sub-zero temperatures as low as about −20° C., which is generally the equivalent to a refrigerator freezer temperatures, or lower temperatures including cryopreservation temperatures that drop to as low as about −80° C. and vitrification at −196° C. Other aspects of the invention provide preservation solutions that can be designed to provide low temperature organ storage benefits including reduction of interstitial edema and endothelial swelling. These solutions can also provide antioxidant and anti-proteolytic protection, can preserve proper intracellular ion concentration, and can offer an energy source to support cellular functions including the Krebs cycle.

Problems solved by technology

One of the greatest problems in donor organ transplantation is the storage and preservation of organs between the time of harvest from a donor and the time of transplantation into a recipient.

The amount of time that can lapse between the two events is quite limited because the cells and tissues of the donor organ deteriorate over time, even if they are stored at refrigerated temperatures.

To counteract the ill effects of low oxygen, standard techniques for modern organ preservation involve the exposure of a harvested organ to preservation solutions at cold temperatures not below 0° C. Although colder temperatures are a solution to oxygen deprivation in donor organ tissue, they present their own problems.

Cold or hypothermic conditions may lead to cellular damage including a reduced ability to generate energy, maintain cell volume integrity, and also swelling and / or cell death.

However, the preservation of donor organs using Viaspan is generally limited to a 36-hour period in kidneys before the organs begin to deteriorate.

A principal problem however is that the viability of the donor kidney decreases over time of storage so that by 36 hours there is at least some damage to the tubular cells.

This generally results in decreased viability of the kidney cells so that urine production and proper kidney function are delayed after transplant.

Storage of organs at sub-zero temperatures is not possible or extremely difficult because the tissue and water in the organ usually freezes.

These relatively lower temperature ranges cause damage or destruction to the cells and tissues.

Today there are some solutions currently available for organ storage purposes such as Viaspan, but their capacity to store organs effectively is generally limited.

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