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Depolymerization method

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-02-05
KEMIRA OY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Benefits of technology

[0020]It is an object of this invention to provide a method for selective or quantitative depolymerization of starch, which method further accomplishes the fine-tuning of the molecular weight of starch composites.
[0021]The present invention is based on the surprising discovery that starch dissolved in an ionic liquid can by depolymerized, even without any acid or base catalyst or enzyme. Depending on the temperature and agitation time, the method accomplishes an efficient, gentle, environmentally benign and above all economical depolymerization of either amylose selectively or both amylose and amylopectin to yield pure amylopectin and sugars in the former and sugars only in the latter case.
[0022]The amylopectin preserved in selective depolymerization of amylose can be efficiently and economically precipitated from the ionic liquid solution by adding a non-solvent for the product. Further, the sugars (maltose, maltotriose, maltotetrose etc.) obtained from partial or quantitative depolymerization of starch can be separated efficiently and economically from the depolymerization medium by adding a non-solvent for the products or by extraction with an appropriate non-solvent to the ionic liquid solvent.

Problems solved by technology

In general, they do not form true solutions in water because of their molecular sizes and intermolecular interactions; rather they form molecular dispersions.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 4

Depolymerization of Native Barley Starch at 60° C.

[0072]A 150 mg (1 mmol) sample of oven dried native barley starch (Raisamyl) was added into ionic liquid (BMIMCl, 3 ml) and the resulting clear mixture was stirred 2 hours at 60° C. The clear reaction mixture was analyzed with GPC. The GPC spectrum showed no changes compared to starting material spectrum.

example 5

Depolymerization of Native Barley Starch at 45° C.

[0073]A 150 mg (1 mmol) sample of oven dried native barley starch (Raisamyl) was added into ionic liquid (BMIMCl, 3 ml) and the resulting clear mixture was stirred 2 hours at 45° C. The clear reaction mixture was analyzed with GPC. The GPC spectrum showed no changes compared to starting material spectrum.

[0074]The percentages in this specification refer to % by weight unless otherwise specified.

example 1

Depolymerization of Native Barley Starch at 150° C.

[0076]A 1.50 mg (1 mmol) sample of oven dried native barley starch (Raisamyl) was added into ionic liquid (BMIMCl, 3 m) and the resulting clear mixture was stirred 30 minutes at 85°(and at. 150° C. for 2 hours. The pale brown reaction mixture was analyzed with GPC. All the starch was depolymerized into monomeric products, see FIG. 2c.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for depolymerizing starch comprising mixing a starch material with an ionic liquid solvent to dissolve the starch, and then treating the dissolved starch by agitating at a temperature and for a period for time to effect depolymerization of the starch into desired depolymerization products.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention is directed to a method for depolymerizing starch.BACKGROUND ARTStarch[0002]Unlike other carbohydrates and edible polymers, starch occurs as discrete particles called starch granules. These are generally composed of two type of molecules, amylose and amylopectin. Of these, amylose is a linear (1,4)-α-D-glucan, while amylopectin is a branched, bushlike structure containing both (1,4)-α-D linkages between D-glucose residues and (1,6)-α-D branch points, Ulmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Vol. A25, 1994, p. 1-18. Following formulae depict representative structures of amylose and amylopectin.Representative Structure of Linear Amylose[0003]Representative Structure of Amylopectin, Including (1,6)-α-Branch Point[0004]Normal starches contain approximately 75% amylopectin molecules the rest consisting of amylose. Amylopectin is a very large molecule with molecular masses ranging from one to several millions. Linearly structured amy...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C08B30/20A23L1/09C08B30/12C13K1/06
CPCA23L1/095C13K1/06C08B30/12A23L29/35Y02P20/54
Inventor MYLLYMAKI, VESAAKSELA, REIJO
Owner KEMIRA OY
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