36results about How to "Efficiently and economically" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for depolymerizing starch comprising mixing a starch material with an ionic liquid solvent to dissolve the starch, and then treating the dissolved starch by agitating at a temperature and for a period for time to effect depolymerization of the starch into desired depolymerization products.

In primary press forming process, a piece of blank sheet metal is draw worked so as to form a preformed work piece (Wb) provided with a bent portion (a) substantially conforming to a three dimensional contour of a leading edge of a blade to be protected and extending along a longitudinal direction, and a pair of planar portions (b and c) extending from either side of the bent portion. In a secondary press forming process, the planar portions (b and c) of the preformed work piece are stretch formed into a final shape that conforms to the corresponding profile of the blade while the bent portion (a) of the preformed work piece is clamped and protected from deformation. In other words, the bent portion of an edge protector (100) is already given with the final shape of the edge protector by the primary press forming process while the planar portions (b and c) thereof are given with the final shape by the secondary press forming process so that the two press forming processes can be executed without interfering with each other, and only two relatively simple press forming processes are required for forming the complex three dimensional shape of the edge protector.

An enclosure is provided generally in the form of a box which provides a controlled thermal environment for the occupant. The enclosure includes a horizontal base supporting four corner posts extending vertically up from the base, with a roof above the posts and parallel with the base. A rear wall extends in a vertical plane from the base up to the roof. A pair of side walls extend from the base up to the roof. The side walls preferably include surfaces to maximize maintenance of heat within the enclosure particularly near a position for an occupant's head. Thermal sources (i.e. incandescent light bulbs) are located within the enclosure to increase an amount of infrared radiation for heating within the enclosure. A width tuning system is provided to precisely position a distance of the side walls away from each other so that thermodynamic resonance between the side walls can be maximized.

A method and system for robust delimiting of messages in switched-carrier operation in which a preamble precedes each message. The preamble comprises symbols transmitted at a rate lower than that of the following data. The lower rate significantly increases the probability that decoding of the preamble symbols will be error-free. Communication line control information can be included in the preamble, thereby ensuring that line control information is reliably transferred over the channel. The preamble's first symbol can be transmitted at the lower symbol rate and at an increased power level, thereby reliably delimiting the beginning of a transmission. The end of the message can be reliably delimited by sending the first symbol which contains only bits from a next cell of information at a lower symbol rate, and including an extra bit in that symbol. The extra bfit can indicate to a receiver when the last cell of information begins.

The present invention provides a method for producing compound (XIV) useful as an intermediate for pharmaceutical agents efficiently and economically on an industrial scale without using ozone oxidation and highly toxic reagent, and an intermediate used for this method. Particularly, the present invention provides a method for producing a compound having an absolute configuration represented by the formula (XV) and an enantiomer thereof without using a technique such as optical resolution and the like, and an intermediate used for this method.

(1) Compound (XIII) as a starting material is led to compound (I), and after introducing a protecting group, subjected to reduction and cyclization to give compound (XIV). Particularly, compound (XIII) as a material is led to compound (I) via compound (XX) to produce compound (XIV). Using an optically active compound (XIII) as a starting material, a compound having an absolute configuration represented by the formula (XV) and the like are produced highly stereoselectively. (2) Compound (XXI) as a starting material is stereoselectively reduced to give compound (XXII), and by introduction of a protecting group, reduction and cyclization, compound (XXVI) is obtained, and by inverting hydroxyl group, compound (XV) is produced.

wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification.

An aromatic polycarbonate depolymerization method comprising reacting an aromatic polycarbonate with water, an aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenol which may be substituted by a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the critical fluid of carbon dioxide or with the critical fluid of an aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenol which may be substituted by a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. With this depolymerization method, the aromatic polycarbonate is depolymerized at a high reaction rate and effective components formed by depolyemrization can be recovered at a high rate. Therefore, the effective components are recovered from the scrapped or used aromatic polycarbonate by this method and recycled.

An optical coupler for parallel coupling from a single mode optical fiber, or fiber ribbon, into a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide for integration with silicon optoelectronic circuits. The optical coupler incorporates the advantages of the vertically tapered waveguides and prism couplers, yet offers the flexibility of planar integration. The optical coupler may be fabricated using wafer polishing technology or grayscale photolithography. The optical coupler can be packaged using epoxy bonding to form a fiber-waveguide parallel coupler or connector.

Factors that are critical to the preparation of wood products and useful for flavoring aqueous food products are disclosed. As a result of identifying these critical factors, the herein described process produces a wood product that transfers the desired flavor profile to the aqueous food product efficiently and economically. The resultant wood squares produce excellent flavor in ten percent, or less, of the time it takes for traditional aging.

A quilting machine (10, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600) is provided with a printing station (20, 125, 225, 325, 425, 525, 611, 626, 631) and a quilting station (44, 127, 227, 327, 427, 527, 627, 632). The printing station is located either in line and preferably upstream of the quilting station, with a conveyor (520) extending through each of the stations to convey a web of quilting material through the machine, or is off of the quilting line such that the material with a pre-applied pattern thereon is transferred, preferably in web form, to the line of the second station for the application of a pattern in registration with the first applied pattern. At the quilting station, registration longitudinal and transverse registration is measured and skewing or rotation of the material is determined. Opposite transverse sides of the material are differently adjusted to orient and register the material. A master batch controller (90, 135, 235, 335, 435, 535) assures that the proper combinations of printed and quilted patterns are combined to allow small quantities of different quilted products to be produced automatically along a material web. Ticking is preprinted with a plurality of different patterns, organized and communicated by the computer so that a print head can scan the material and print different patterns of different panels (32) across the width of a web. Identifying data (40) for matching the panels of a mattress product can be provided in data files printed on the fabric. Cutting and slitting of the panels from each other and the quilting and combining of the panels for assembly of a mattress product can be carried out manually or automatically using the data.

A multiple function landscaping method and system is capable of operating with or without a dump box. A lower lift, crane or hoist can be utilized by itself or in combination with an upper positioned dump box. The novel usage of a single truck bed to achieve such functions as tree delivery, debris removal and top soil delivery enables landscaping to be more efficiently and economically performed, thus providing a significant advantage to the environment.

Techniques for efficiently and economically providing data transfer through wireless data networks. These techniques are particularly suitable for Internet data transfers. In one aspect, mobile devices are able to be allocated additional wireless channels to obtain increased data transfer capabilities. The additional wireless channels can be used for unicast, multicast or broadcast of data. These techniques provide additional wireless bandwidth to mobile devices and allows control over allocation of the additional wireless bandwidth.

A portable lubricant filtration system and method is provided for facile pre-filtering of used or new lubricant prior to pumping the lubricant into its intended machinery.

An SiC substrate processing method for producing an SiC substrate from an SiC ingot. The SiC substrate processing method includes a separation layer forming step of setting a focal point of a laser beam having a transmission wavelength to SiC inside the SiC ingot at a predetermined depth from the upper surface of the SiC ingot and next applying the laser beam LB to the SiC ingot to thereby form a separation layer for separating the SiC substrate from the SiC ingot, a substrate attaching step of attaching a substrate to the upper surface of the SiC ingot, and a separating step of applying an external force to the separation layer to thereby separate the SiC substrate with the substrate from the SiC ingot along the separation layer.

A process for applying an electrostatic coating to a profile in-line, the method including the steps of forming a profile, applying a primer composition to the profile, the primer composition including at least one halogen, halogen salt, halogen complex or mixture thereof and at least one carrier and electrostatically applying a coating composition while the primer composition is wet.

The disclosure provides a method and a system for predicting disinfection by-products in drinking water. The method includes: acquiring water age prediction data of the drinking water to be predicted and water quality data of the drinking water to be predicted; inputting the water age prediction data and the water quality data into an adaptive genetic BP neural network model for predicting the disinfection by-products in the drinking water to obtain prediction values of the disinfection by-products in the drinking water. The disinfection by-products in a water supply pipe network can be predicted efficiently and economically by using the method and the system for predicting the disinfection by-products in the drinking water provided by the disclosure.