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Tetrafluoropropene compositions and uses thereof

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-05-20
EI DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0008]The object of the present disclosure is to provide novel refrigerant compositions and heat transfer fluid compositions that provide unique characteristics to meet the demands of low or zero ozone depletion potential and lower global warming potential as compared to current refrigerants.

Problems solved by technology

Further environmental regulations may ultimately cause global phase out of certain HFC refrigerants.
Many of these suggested replacements are toxic, flammable, and / or have low energy efficiency.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Impact of Vapor Leakage

[0206]A vessel is charged with an initial composition at a temperature of about 23° C., and the initial vapor pressure of the composition is measured. The composition is allowed to leak from the vessel, while the temperature is held constant, until 50 weight percent of the initial composition is removed, at which time the vapor pressure of the composition remaining in the vessel is measured. Results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2AfterAfter50%50%CompositionInitial PInitial PLeakLeakDelta Pwt %(Psia)(kPa)(Psia)(kPa)(%)1234yf / 152a / 134a40 / 40 / 2091.062790.56240.5%20 / 40 / 4088.360987.66040.8%40 / 20 / 4093.164292.76390.4%98 / 1 / 193.564593.56450.0%1 / 98 / 181.656381.65630.0%1 / 1 / 9890.862690.76250.1%80 / 10 / 1095.065595.06550.0%10 / 80 / 1084.158083.65760.6%10 / 10 / 8090.662590.26220.4%60 / 20 / 2094.365094.26490.1%20 / 60 / 2086.959986.15940.9%20 / 20 / 6090.662590.16210.6%45 / 45 / 1091.262990.76250.5%10 / 45 / 4586.159485.55900.7%45 / 10 / 4594.965494.76530.2%40 / 30 / 3091.963491.46300.5%30 / 40 / 3089.861989.16140.8%30...

example 2

Glide Reduction

[0208]The temperature glide and other cooling performance parameters for a composition containing HFO-1234yf and HFC-32 is determined and displayed in Table 3 as compared to R407C (ASHRAE designation for a refrigerant blend containing 23 wt % HFC-32, 25 wt % HFC 125 and 52 wt % HFC-134a). The glide, pressures, discharge temperatures, COP (energy efficiency) and cooling capacity are determined for the following conditions:

Evaporator temperature41° F.(5° C.)Condenser temperature104° F.(40° C.)Subcool amount41° F.(5° C.)Return gas temperature59° F.(15° C.)Compressor efficiency is70%

TABLE 3Glide,PresPresDischCa-° C.evap,cond,Temp,pacity(Cond / CompositionkPakPa° C.COP(kJ / m3)Evap)R407C584162771.34.533978  5 / 4.8HFO-1234yf371101654.64.72225160HFO-1234yf / HFC-32421115957.54.59827993.7 / 2.6(95 / 5 wt %)HFO-1234yf / HFC-32469129160.14.530675.8 / 4.4(90 / 10 wt %)HFO-1234yf / HFC-32515141262.54.4533256.9 / 5.5(85 / 15 wt %)HFO-1234yf / HFC-32559152364.64.41635757.3 / 6  (80 / 20 wt %)HFO-1234yf / HFC-325...

example 3

Flammability

[0210]Flammable compounds may be identified by testing under ASTM (American Society of Testing and Materials) E681-2004, with an electronic ignition source. Such tests of flammability were conducted on compositions of the present disclosure at 101 kPa (14.7 psia), 50 percent relative humidity, and 60° C. or 100° C. at various concentrations in air in order to determine if flammable and if so, find the lower flammability limit (LFL) and the upper flammability limit (UFL). The results are given in Table 4.

TABLE 4Temperature, ° C.60° C.100° C.LFLUFLLFLUFL(vol % in(vol % in(vol % in(vol % inCompositionair)air)air)air)HFO-1234yf / HFC-134anon-non-non-non-(50 / 50 wt %)flammableflammableflammableflammableHFO-1234yf / HFC-134anon-non-non-non-(52.5 / 47.5 wt %)flammableflammableflammableflammableHFO-1234yf / HFC-134anon-non-1010(53.75 / 46.25 wt %)flammableflammableHFO-1234yf / HFC-134anon-non- 9.010.5(55 / 45 wt %)flammableflammableHFO-1234yf / HFC-134anon-non- 8.012(57.5 / 42.5 wt %)flammableflam...

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Abstract

The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a tetrafluoropropene and at least one other component. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims the priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61 / 116,029, filed Nov. 19, 2008, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61 / 180,281, filed May 21, 2009.BACKGROUND[0002]1. Field of the Disclosure[0003]The present disclosure relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a tetrafluoropropene and at least one other compound. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents.[0004]2. Description of Related Art[0005]The refrigeration industry has been working for the past few decades to find replacement refrigerants for the ozone depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) being phased out as a result of the Montreal Protocol. The so...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): F25B23/00C09K5/04F25B30/00
CPCC08J9/146C09K3/30C09K5/045C09K2205/126C09K2205/22F28D20/00C09K2205/42C09K2205/43C09K2205/47F28C3/08C09K2205/40C09K2205/122C10M101/02C10M105/06C10M105/32C10M105/50C10M105/76C10M107/24C10M107/34C10M171/008C10M2201/1023C10M2203/024C10M2203/065C10M2207/2835C10M2209/043C10M2209/1033C10M2211/003C10M2223/003C10M2229/02C10N2040/30F25B1/00F25B31/002F25B45/00F25B2400/121
Inventor MINOR, BARBARA HAVILANDLECK, THOMAS J.BIVENS, DONALD BERNARD
Owner EI DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO
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