Automatic frontal-view gait segmentation for abnormal gait quantification

Abstract

A computer-implemented method for gait analysis of a subject includes obtaining visual data from an image capture device positioned in front of or behind the subject, the visual data comprising at least two image frames of the subject over a period of time walking toward or away from the image capture device, the at least two image frames capturing at least a portion of the gait of the subject, detecting within the at least two images body parts as two-dimensional landmarks using a pose estimation algorithm on each of the at least two frames, generating a joint model depicting the location of the at least one joint in each of the at least two frames, using the joint model to segment a gait cycle for the at least one joint, and comparing the gait cycle to a threshold value to detect abnormal gait.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENTS AND APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims priority to and the benefit of the filing date of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62 / 297,341, filed Feb. 19, 2016, which application is hereby incorporated by reference.BACKGROUND[0002]Human gait, a biometric aimed to recognize individuals by the way they walk, has recently come to play an increasingly important role in different applications such as access control and visual surveillance. Although no two body movements are ever the same, gait is a characteristic of an individual, analogous to other biometrics. Psychological, medical, and biomechanical studies support the notion that humans effortlessly recognize people by the way they walk, and basic gait patterns are unique to each individual. In contrast to many established biometric modalities such as face, fingerprint or retina, gait can be analyzed from a distance and can be observed without notification to the subject or compliance b...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In fact, the considerable attention towards this biometric has been due to its ability to ascertain somebody's identity at a distance while being noninvasive and non-perceivable.

However, human gait analysis and assessment involves challenging issues due to the highly flexible structure and self-occlusion of the human body.

These issues mandate using complicated processes for the measurement and analysis of gait in marker-less video sequences.

Degradation of a person's walking pattern decreases quality of life for the individual and may result in falls and injuries.

The disadvantage of these methods is that they give subjective measurements, particularly concerning accuracy and precision, which have a negative effect on the diagnosis, follow-up and treatment of the pathologies.

However, their major disadvantage is the need to place devices on the subject's body, which may be uncomfortable or intrusive.

Besides, the analysis of the signals is computationally complex and presents the problem of excessive noise.

Visual inspection of gait from real-time actions or video recordings is subjective and requires a costly trained professional to be present, thereby limiting the frequency at which evaluations can be performed.

Similar to wearables, marker-based technologies require precise positioning of markers on subjects, which is not feasible for day-to-day monitoring.

Monocular marker-less technologies often require identifying human body parts first, which is very challenging due to variations in viewing angle and appearance.

Hence, the current monocular marker-less method is usually performed in clinical settings where the viewing angle and camera-to-subject distance are fixed, and the method may not be robust enough in an assisted living or traditional home setting.

Marker-based technologies require precise positioning of markers on subjects, which is not feasible in day-to-day monitoring.

Lateral views may not be readily obtainable in an assisted living or traditional home setting.

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