The invention discloses a backward steering device for propelling and direction control in water. The backward steering device comprises a water spraying propeller, at least two rudders and shift devices, wherein the rudders are respectively arranged on the outer sides of a water spraying opening of the water spraying propeller and used for changing the flow direction of water sprayed by the water spraying propeller; the shift devices are respectively connected with the rudders and used for driving the rudders to deviate from and return to the outer sides of the water spraying opening of the water spraying propeller; one of the water spraying propellers is arranged, and correspondingly a pair of the rudders is arranged and relatively distributed on two sides of a vertical axle wire of the water spraying opening. According to the backward steering device for the propelling and the direction control in water, disclosed by the invention, during the rudders are reduced, a left turn function, a right turn function, a left turn in situ function, a right turn in situ function and a drawing back function can also be realized, so that parts and components are greatly reduced, besides the size is reduced, the weight is lightened, the speed is accelerated, the routine maintenance is convenient, and the related cost is relatively lower.