Described herein are compositions formulated for
oral administration comprising
luteolin,
luteolin-7-0-β-D-
glucoside, or mixtures thereof, wherein
luteolin, luteolin-7-0-β-D-
glucoside, or mixtures thereof activate all of the
glucagon-like
peptide 1
receptor (GLP-1R), glucose-dependent insulinotropic
peptide receptor (GIPR), and
glucagon receptor (GCG).
Luteolin and luteolin-7-0-β-D-
glucoside are triple agonists of GLP-1, GIPR, and GCGR. Further, described herein are methods of treating and / or preventing type 2 diabetes and
obesity by administering the described compositions. Further, described herein are methods of activating all GLP-1R, GIPR, and GCGR comprising providing a composition comprising a triple
agonist of all GLP-1R, GIPR, and GCGR, wherein the triple
agonist is luteolin and / or luteolin-7-0-β-D-glucoside.