The invention relates to an automatic screw tightening device which comprises a rack part, a guide part, a moving tightening part, a screw guiding and cutter relieving part and an auxiliary part, wherein the rack part consists of a bottom plate, a round guide rail and an upper cover board; the guide part consists of a moving guide plate, a screw guide barrel and a guide cylinder; the moving tightening part consists of a screwdriver rod, a torque transmission nail, an adjusting spring, a connecting sleeve, a moving plate, a moving cylinder and a pneumatic motor; the screw guiding and cutter relieving part consists of a spring, a lifting pin, a shaft pin, a swing iron and a fixing part; and the auxiliary part consists of a die and a control part. In the working process, a workpiece is fed into the die, a screw is conveyed to the screw guide barrel through a pneumatic conveying device and the screw is guided and limited to be separated from the screw guide barrel through the screw guiding and cutter relieving part. When the screw is tightened, the pneumatic motor of the moving tightening part is inflated to drive the screwdriver rod to rotate through a connecting sleeve and the torque transmission nail, and the moving cylinder is inflated to drive the moving tightening part to move so as to screw the screw tightly. Compared with the prior art, the automatic screw tightening device has the advantages of high efficiency, high quality, wide application range and the like.