Piston supercharged material steam explosion method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a piston supercharged material steam explosion method, comprising the following steps: feeding materials into a tank from the feed inlet of the tank, and introducing a steam explosion gas into the tank after the feed inlet is closed; when the materials are heated to a steam explosion temperature, pushing a supercharged piston in the tank to compress the materials, so that the tank is boosted to the steam explosion pressure; fast relieving the pressure so as to expand and crush the materials; and discharging the materials. The invention also provides a steam explosion device, comprising the tank, wherein the tank is internally provided with the supercharged piston; the tank between the initial position of the supercharged piston and the closed end of the tank is provided with a heating jacket, the feed inlet and a discharge outlet; the heating jacket is provided with the inlet and the outlet of a heating medium; and the inlet and the outlet of the heating medium and the discharge outlet are respectively provided with a valve.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a steam explosion device, in particular to a pretreatment device which adopts a pressurized piston to increase the steam explosion pressure of materials, and instantly opens a pressure relief piston or a quick-opening valve to generate a steam explosion effect, thereby performing steam explosion or puffing on materials. Background technique [0002] Steam explosion (referred to as "steam explosion") technology began in 1926, mainly for the production of man-made fiberboard, and since the 1970s, it has been widely used in the production of animal feed and the extraction of ethanol and specialty chemicals from wood fibers. The material is heated to 180-235°C with steam, after a period of pressure maintenance, the pressure is suddenly released and the gas phase medium in the pores of the material is sprayed out, and the high-pressure liquid water quickly boils to form a flash, and works externally, resulting in a "blasting" effect ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] In the existing steam explosion technology, the steam explosion pressure is achieved by blowing high-pressure gas (or steam), which consumes a lot of energy, and the material temperature is completely provided by high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and other low-grade energy cannot be used, such as hot water and heat transfer oil.

Moreover, the temperature and pressure of the material are limited by the steam, and the temperature of the material increases with the increase of the steam pressure. The steam explosion temperature and pressure cannot be controlled separately, and it is impossible to achieve low temperature and high pressure or high temperature and low pressure steam explosion.

High-pressure steam directly contacts low-temperature materials, and the steam will quickly condense into liquid water. It is necessary to continuously feed steam to maintain the pressure in the steam explosion reactor. The large consumption of steam greatly reduces the application range of steam explosion technology, which is especially difficult to apply. To the field of waste stabilization treatment

In addition, the materials in the existing steam explosion device cannot be completely discharged, which increases the inhomogeneity of the product

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