Dual-piston pressure-controlling type material steam explosion method and devices

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-piston pressure-controlling type material steam explosion method comprising the following steps of: feeding materials into a tank body from a feed opening of the tank body; steaming towards the tank body at the rear part of the closed feed opening; when the materials are heated to the steam explosion temperature, pushing a boosting piston in the tank body to compress the materials to allow the tank body to boost to the steam explosion pressure; and quickly releasing pressure to enable the materials to expand and burst and discharging the materials. The invention discloses a steam explosion device comprising the tank body, wherein a boosting piston and a pressure-relief piston are arranged in the tank body; the feed opening, a steam inlet and a discharging port are arranged on the tank body between the initial positions of the boosting piston and the pressure-relief piston; a valve is arranged on the steam inlet; The invention also discloses an another steam explosion device comprising a tank body, wherein a boosting piston and a pressure-relief piston are arranged in the tank body; a feed opening and a discharge opening are arranged on the tank body between the initial positions of the boosting piston and the pressure-relief piston; a heating jacket is arranged on the tank body between the feed opening and the discharge opening and is provided with a heating medium inlet and a heating medium outlet; and valves are respectively arranged on the heating medium inlet and the heating medium outlet.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a steam explosion device, in particular to a pretreatment device which adopts a pressurized piston to increase the steam explosion pressure of materials, and instantly opens a pressure relief piston or a quick-opening valve to generate a steam explosion effect, thereby performing steam explosion or puffing on materials. Background technique [0002] Steam explosion (referred to as "steam explosion") technology began in 1926, mainly for the production of man-made fiberboard, and since the 1970s, it has been widely used in the production of animal feed and the extraction of ethanol and specialty chemicals from wood fibers. The material is heated to 180-235°C with steam, after a period of pressure maintenance, the pressure is suddenly released and the gas phase medium in the pores of the material is sprayed out, and the high-pressure liquid water quickly boils to form a flash, and works externally, resulting in a "blasting" effect ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The main problems of this mode are that it takes a long time to release the pressure of high-pressure steam, the energy density of steam explosion is low, the degree of material decomposition is not high, and the real steam explosion phenomenon cannot be produced.

Although some devices have made some improvements in the pressure relief method, all steam explosion devices have the problem that the crushed material cannot be completely discharged, and the products in the steam explosion process interfere with each other, and the stability of the product cannot be effectively guaranteed.

Secondly, the explosion volume of all steam explosion devices is fixed, which means that the materials added in each steam explosion process must be basically equal, and in the same steam explosion device, the quality of materials will definitely affect the steam explosion effect. The steam explosion effect of materials under a certain quality is not conducive to the large-scale design of steam explosion devices

Furthermore, all steam explosion devices use steam to directly heat materials, and all need to be equipped with steam generators, and the pressure required during the steam explosion process is completely provided by steam, which requires a large amount of steam, especially high-pressure steam, and consumes a lot of energy. high

The pressure of the reaction kettle is mainly provided by steam. It takes a long time for the pressure in the kettle to stabilize, which leads to a long residence time of the material. The material is more boiled rather than broken, which fundamentally changes the properties of the material.

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