[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.
[0019] Such as Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, the vertical height of the slope in the embodiment is 10m, the lower 6m is rock layer 1, the upper 4m is soil layer 2, and the design slope of the slope is 1:1.2. The slope protection method for the slope with the upper part of the soil layer 2 and the lower part of the rock layer 1, including the following steps:
[0020] 101. Tidy up the slope: remove debris on the surface of the slope to make the surface of the slope smooth.
[0021] In step 101, removing debris on the surface of the slope includes cleaning the rocks protruding from the slope surface to ensure a smooth surface of the slope.
[0022] 102. Perform foundation construction on the slope: firstly use excavating machinery to excavate the slope surface in steps of 5 to 6 meters. Secondly, set a retaining wall 7 at the foot of the slope, and set the foundation and the height of the retaining wall 7 Set up a settlement joint 9 at the change, fill the gap of the settlement joint 9 with an elastic waterproof material 10, install a reinforcement at the corner of the retaining wall 7, and set a drainage pipe 11 inside the retaining wall 7; then on the side of the retaining wall 7 away from the slope Set the slope toe drainage ditch 12; then use excavating machinery to excavate an intermediate platform 3 between the soil layer 2 and the rock layer 1, and set up a water ditch 4 inside the intermediate platform 3; finally set up a water interception on the top of the slope Ditch 13.
[0023] In step 102, the retaining wall 7 is preferably made of plain concrete, and the concrete strength level is greater than or equal to C15, the base of the retaining wall 7 is an inverted slope, the slope of the inverted slope is less than 0.2:1.0, and the top surface width of the retaining wall 7 is greater than 300mm, the buried depth of the foundation of the retaining wall 7 is greater than 0.3m, the spacing of the expansion joints of the retaining wall 7 is between 10m and 15m; the width of the settlement joint 9 is between 20mm and 30mm, and the elastic waterproof material 10 is filled The depth is greater than 150mm. The elastic waterproof material 10 is preferably pitch hemp. According to the "Technical Code for Building Slope Engineering" (GB 50330-2002), when the longitudinal slope of the side slope is steep and long, it is necessary to use excavating machinery to excavate the slope in steps of 5-6m. In this embodiment, an excavating machine is used to excavate the slope in steps of 6 m. The upper part of the intermediate platform 3 is the slope of the soil layer 2 and the lower part is the slope of the rock layer 1. After grading excavation, a ditch 4 is opened on the inner side of the intermediate platform 3 to establish a drainage system to intercept water from upstream and reduce the erosion of the slope by runoff. The plain concrete retaining wall 7 has a foundation buried depth of 0.6m and a wall top width of 400mm. Set a 50mm wide expansion joint every 15m. A drainage pipe 11 with a diameter of 50 mm is buried in the retaining wall 7 every 3 m, and the drainage pipe 11 is used to connect to the drainage ditch 12 at the toe of the slope.
[0024] 103. Build ecological bags 5 on the surface of the rocky layer 1 of the slope.
[0025] Step 103 specifically includes the following steps:
[0026] 1031. Eco-bag 5 filling operation: fill the first eco-bag 5, the entire eco-bag 5 is formed into a three-dimensional shape, and then the eco-bag 5 is sealed, then the eco-bag 5 is weighed, and its weight is recorded; One filled ecological bag 5 is a sample, and other ecological bags 5 are filled.
[0027] In step 1031, the filling operation of the eco-bag 5 generally adopts on-site filling construction. All the eco-bags 5 after filling have a uniform shape and a cubic shape. For the ones that deform greatly up and down during bagging, they should be adjusted evenly in time. The packed eco-bag 5 should be completed on the same day as much as possible. It is not advisable to expose the packed bag to the outdoors or rain for a long time. When transporting, move it off the ground, do not drag or roll on the ground, and place it gently.
[0028] 1032. Sandbag filling operation: Fill the first sandbag with sand, the whole sandbag forms a three-dimensional shape, and then seal the sandbag, then weigh the sandbag and record its weight; according to the first sandbag after filling Sample, fill the remaining sandbags with sand.
[0029] 1033. Build eco-bags 5 and sandbags: first build up the loaded eco-bags 5 and sandbags on the rock layer 1 from bottom to top, and build 4-5 layers of eco-bags 5 on top of it. Layer sand bags, then continue to build 4-5 layers of eco-bags 5 on top of the sand bags, and then lay a layer of sand bags, and loop until the middle platform 3; between longitudinally adjacent eco-bags 5, or longitudinally Adjacent eco-bags 5 and sandbags are arranged in staggered upper and lower layers, and then the connecting buckle is fixed between the horizontally adjacent eco-bags 5 or between the sandbags, and between the longitudinally adjacent eco-bags 5 or ecological The gap between the bag 5 and the sandbag, and finally the gap between the ecological bag 5 and the rock layer 1, and the gap between the sandbag and the rock layer 1 are filled and compacted with clay.
[0030] In step 1033, after laying out the bottom eco-bag 5, use anchor nails or stainless steel nails to fix the connecting buckle connecting the bottom eco-bag 5 on the hard interface. This will improve the firmness of the eco-bag 5 at the bottom layer, thereby strengthening the firmness of the entire eco-bag 5 and the sandbag, and avoiding collapse. In addition, in order to strengthen the overall firmness of the eco-bag 5 and sandbags, every time the lower eco-bag 5 or sandbag is laid, it should be compacted first. For example, after each layer of the bag is laid, a wooden board is placed on it, and a person is placed on it. Walk and trample, and then lay the upper eco-bag 5 or sandbag. In this way, every time the upper eco-bag 5 or sandbag is laid, the lower eco-bag 5 or sandbag is tamped to ensure the stability of the interlocking structure formed between the upper and lower eco-bags 5 or between the eco-bag 5 and the sandbag . Sandbags are installed on the slope of rock layer 1, and the drainage of sandbags can be used instead of drainage pipes. During construction, the maximum vertical height of the ecological bag 5 and sandbags should not exceed 3.0 meters per day, and on the top of the plain concrete retaining wall 7, the long side of the ecological bag 5 should be placed perpendicular to the wall to ensure a stable top pressure.
[0031] 104. Hang a net on the surface of the soil layer 2 of the slope.
[0032] Step 104 specifically includes the following steps:
[0033] 1041. Lay the three-dimensional net 14 on the surface of the soil layer 2; the three-dimensional net 14 is laid down along the surface of the soil layer 2 from top to bottom. The smooth side of the three-dimensional net 14 contacts the surface of the soil layer 2, and the upper part of the three-dimensional net 14 is fixed on the top of the slope , The middle and lower parts of the three-dimensional net 14 are anchored in the soil layer 2 with U-shaped steel nails 6;
[0034] In step 1041, the three-dimensional net 14 can be tightened with geotechnical ropes at the overlap of the slope top. In this embodiment, the U-shaped steel nail 6 has a length of 30 cm and a width of 6 cm, and the distance between adjacent U-shaped steel nails 6 is 1.5 m. The U-shaped steel nail 6 anchors the three-dimensional net 14 in a plum blossom shape.
[0035] 1042. Backfilling planting soil 8: Before backfilling, the planting soil 8 is dried, crushed, sieved to remove particles larger than 25 mm in diameter, and then planting soil 8 is backfilled on the surface of the soil layer 2 to make the planting soil 8 and the three-dimensional net 14 convex The planting soil 8 is finally compacted and the slope is smooth.
[0036] In step 1042, the planting soil 8 is preferably fertile pond mud with a pH of 6.0-7.0. The thickness of 8 layers of planting soil after backfilling is not less than 5cm. After backfilling the planting soil 8, there is no net bag, open bag, empty bag or press bag phenomenon. The planting soil 8 is compacted, otherwise the planting soil 8 will be seriously lost when the soil layer is settled by spraying water.
[0037] 105. Spray vegetation on the soil layer 2 and rock layer 1 of the slope and maintain it.
[0038] Step 105 specifically includes the following steps:
[0039] Solid soil layer: water the entire slope to solidify the soil layer;
[0040] In the step of compacting the soil layer, the depth of the moist soil layer is more than 15cm, so that the pipes of the ground and the underground straw water pipes are interconnected, otherwise the underground straw water cannot rise to the surface, and the lawn will suffer from water shortage. And withered.
[0041] Cleaning: Clean the outer surface of the eco-bag 5 on the rock layer 1 and the surface of the planting soil 8 on the soil layer 2.
[0042] Feeding: Put the germinated seeds, fibers, water retention agent, adhesive, and fertilizer materials into the water tank.
[0043] Add water: Add water to dissolve the materials put into the water tank to form water-soluble substances.
[0044] Stirring: Turn on the power machine to stir the water-soluble substance in the water tank to make it evenly mixed.
[0045] In the stirring step, the time for stirring the water-soluble substance in the water tank is preferably more than 30 minutes to make the water-soluble substance uniform.
[0046] Spraying: start the spraying machine, spray the water-soluble matter onto the slope surface of the soil layer 2 and the surface of the ecological bag 5; during spraying, the centrifugal pump presses the water-soluble matter into the hose and sprays it from the tube head to spray evenly. When finished, add 1/4 tank of water in time and circulate it idling.
[0047] In the spraying step: when spraying, horizontally spraying in blocks, and sequentially spraying from top to bottom, and when spraying, the nozzle is perpendicular to the slope, and the vertical distance between the nozzle and the slope is 0.8-1.0m, Spray 4-6m each time; when continuing spraying, repeat overlapping spraying for 2m; stepping on the sprayed area is prohibited.
[0048] Overlay cover: Cover the sprayed site with non-woven fabric, and fix the non-woven fabric with bamboo sticks.
[0049] In the covering step, the height of the bamboo sticks is preferably 13 cm to 18 cm, for example, it can be 13 cm, 15 cm or 18 cm. Covering the upper soil layer 2 after spraying on the slope helps to reduce water evaporation and prevent rain erosion.
[0050] Watering and greening management: Comprehensively determine vegetation watering according to the weather, soil, and plant variety habits; when the grass grows to 3 cm, open the non-woven fabric.
[0051] In this step, the watering of vegetation needs to be comprehensively determined according to weather, soil, and plant variety habits. Generally, the amount of lawn watering is about one centimeter, and the watering should last about a month after sowing. In summer, in order to prevent excessive transpiration and ensure a good watering effect, the daily watering time is best before 10 am or 4 pm Rear. When the grass grows to 3 cm, unwrap the non-woven fabric so as not to hinder the growth of the grass.
[0052] The slope protection method of this technical scheme is aimed at the slope type with the rocky layer 1 in the lower part and the soil layer 2 in the upper part, and the combined ecological slope protection method of vegetation belt and net-spraying is adopted. On the side slope part of the lower rock layer 1, the ecological bag 5 is directly stacked on the outside of the slope to form a layer of ecological bag 5 surface layer, and the side slope is greened by the growth of plants in the ecological bag 5. The wood and rock weathering layer together form a slope ecological restoration system to maintain the stability of the rock slope for a long time. The upper soil layer 2 slope part, after hanging the net, use hydraulic machinery to spray grass seeds on a large area to quickly build the lawn. As the grass grows, its slope protection function will continue to increase, and its role in reducing slope instability and erosion hazards will become greater and greater, and to a certain extent, it will stabilize the slope and beautify the environment.
