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Gear-wheel composite drill bit with impact cutting structure

A technology of cutting structure and compound drill bit, which is applied in the direction of drill bit, drilling equipment, earthwork drilling, etc., can solve the problems of bit mechanical penetration rate limitation, low rock breaking efficiency, and low bearing life, so as to avoid adverse effects and improve impact breaking. rock efficiency and avoid rapid wear

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-09-19
SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The tri-cone bit mainly breaks rocks in the form of crushing (the teeth are pressed into the rock to cause the rock to break), which is applicable to a wide range of formations, but the energy utilization rate is not high, and the rock breaking efficiency is relatively low.
Especially when drilling in deep formations, under the action of high-density drilling fluid, the cuttings holding effect at the bottom of the well is very obvious. It is difficult for the teeth to press into the formation and form effective fragmentation, and the mechanical penetration rate of the drill bit is greatly limited.
Low bearing life is one of the main factors restricting the service life of tricone bits
The tri-cone bit requires a large drilling pressure to ensure a high rock-breaking efficiency, so the load amplitude of the bearing is high. At the same time, the working principle of the teeth on the cone alternately breaking the rock will inevitably lead to axial or longitudinal vibration of the bit, and a relatively large amplitude. bearing load fluctuations
However, since the percussion drill bit is a fixed-tooth drill bit, when a small number of cutting teeth are damaged and fail, the bottom hole area responsible for crushing will not be broken, which will affect the rock-breaking efficiency and drilling ability of the entire drill bit, and the failure of a small number of cutting teeth will Quickly cause damage to the drill bit body, which in turn affects the service life of the drill bit

Method used

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  • Gear-wheel composite drill bit with impact cutting structure
  • Gear-wheel composite drill bit with impact cutting structure
  • Gear-wheel composite drill bit with impact cutting structure

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0059] Such as Figure 1 to Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 12 with Figure 18 As shown, a roller cone compound drill bit with an impact cutting structure includes a drill body 1, and the drill body 1 is provided with a cone cutting structure 2, an impact cutting structure 3 and a hydraulic structure composed of a flow channel 41 and a nozzle 42. The wheel cutting structure 2 includes a gear cutting tooth 21, and the impact cutting structure 3 includes a force transmission mechanism 32 for transmitting impact force and an impact cutting tooth 31. The force transmission mechanism 32 includes a punch 321, a dowel 322 and an anvil body 323. The cutting teeth 31 are fixed on the punch 321 at the end of the force transmission mechanism 32, and the punch 321 can slide relative to the drill body 1 in the direction of impact force transmission. The composite drill bit does not include an impact mechanism, but has two cones, two sets of impact cutting units, and the cones 22 and punc...

Embodiment 2

[0061] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, the difference being that an anvil body centralizing sleeve 324 ( Figure 5 shown), or directly process a surface on the anvil body 323 that forms a clearance fit with the inner hole of the drill body 1, so as to realize relative sliding and righting positioning between the anvil body and the drill body (such as Image 6 shown).

Embodiment 3

[0063] This embodiment is basically the same as the above-mentioned embodiment, the difference is that there are two dowel bars in one or each impact cutting unit, and the motion rules of the two dowel bars are different, and there is relative motion between each other, wherein One dowel (one) 3221 is fixedly connected with the punch 321, the other dowel (two) 3222 is hinged with the anvil 323, and the two dowels are connected by a hinge (such as Figure 13 shown). When the punch 321 is far away from the center of the drill bit and the included angle between the impact direction and the axis of the drill bit is relatively large, it is easier to realize the conversion of the impact direction and the transmission of the impact force by using two dowel bars hinged to each other.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a gear-wheel composite drill bit with an impact cutting structure and belongs to the field of rock-breaking tools for drilling equipment of petroleum, natural gas, mining engineering, building foundation project construction, geology, hydrography and the like. The gear-wheel composite drill bit comprises a drill bit body and a gear-wheel cutting structure, wherein the drill bit body is provided with an impact cutting structure; the impact cutting structure comprises a force transmitting mechanism which transmits impact force and an impact cutting gear; the impact cutting gear is fixedly arranged on a punch at the tail end of the force transmitting mechanism; and the punch can slide or glidingly impact relative to the drill bit body in the impact force transmitting direction. Compared with the traditional gear-wheel drill bit, the gear-wheel composite drill bit is higher in rock-breaking efficiency and longer in the service life of the drill bit, can effectively reduce drilling cost, and is particularly suitable for harder and difficultly drilled grounds.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of rock-breaking tools used for drilling equipment such as petroleum and natural gas, mining engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geology, and hydrology. Background technique [0002] The drill bit is a rock-breaking tool used in drilling engineering to break rock and form a wellbore. Tri-cone bits and rotary drill bits (also known as rotary drill bits or drill bits) are commonly used rock-breaking tools. [0003] The tri-cone bit mainly breaks rock in the form of crushing (the teeth press into the rock to break the rock). It is applicable to a wide range of formations, but the energy utilization rate is not high, and the rock breaking efficiency is relatively low. Especially when drilling in deep formations, under the action of high-density drilling fluid, the cuttings holding effect at the bottom of the well is very obvious. It is difficult for the teeth to press into the formation and form ef...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): E21B10/12E21B10/36E21B10/46E21B10/50
Inventor 杨迎新陈炼林敏包泽军齐海涛牛世伟董博
Owner SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIV
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