Cathode structure for reducing horizontal current in molten aluminum

Abstract

The invention relates to a cathode structure for reducing the horizontal current in molten aluminum. The cathode structure comprises a cathode carbon block and a cathode steel bar arranged below the cathode carbon block. The cathode structure is characterized in that the cathode steel bar is provided with a separation seam in the length direction, a separation seam insulating material is arranged in the separation seam, the region under the end of the cathode steel bar between the bottom of the cathode steel bar and the bottom of the separation seam is an insulator, and an upper portion of the cathode steel bar is connected to the cathode carbon block by an electric conductor. According to the invention, the cathode structure disclosed herein has strong practicability; without changing the electrical discharge mode of a cathode, a horizontal current in molten aluminum is reduced, the distribution of a cathode current is uniform, the stability of an electrolytic tank is improved, a service life of the electrolytic tank is prolonged, the electrolytic tank can efficiently and stably operate under the condition of a low electrode distance, consumption of each ton of aluminum is effectively reduced, and obvious energy-saving effects are obtained.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a cathode structure, in particular to a cathode structure capable of reducing the horizontal current in aluminum liquid in the field of producing primary aluminum by Hall-Eroux electrolysis. Background technique [0002] Metal aluminum is produced industrially by molten salt electrolysis, that is, electrolytically dissolving alumina in an electrolyte with molten cryolite as the main component. At present, the main method used is the Hall-Heroult electrolysis method. [0003] The direct equipment for the production of electrolytic aluminum is an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell is mainly composed of two parts, one part is the anode, usually made of carbon materials, and the other part is the cathode, which is made of carbon blocks and lining materials. [0004] The aluminum electrolytic cell is connected in series in the whole electrolytic series. The current enters the electrolytic cell from the anode, passes through t...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the electrolytic cell of this structure, there is a very big disadvantage in the cathode conductive structure: because the cathode steel rod and the cathode carbon block are placed horizontally in the same direction, a very large horizontal current is generated in the aluminum liquid, which is in line with the vertical magnetic field in the aluminum liquid The combined action produces electromagnetic force, which drives liquid aluminum to flow and fluctuate in the electrolytic cell. If the horizontal current in the electrolytic cell is too large and unevenly distributed, it will cause excessive fluctuations in the interface between the molten aluminum and the electrolyte, causing the electrolytic Slots create severe instabilities in production, reducing current efficiency

In addition, the horizontal current distribution in the aluminum liquid is unevenly distributed along the length direction of the cathode carbon block, so that the current density at the end of the cathode carbon block is the largest, thereby significantly accelerating the corrosion of the cathode carbon block here and reducing the life of the electrolytic cell

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