A swing-type non-circular cutting mechanism with variable inclination angle and its numerical control lathe

Abstract

The invention discloses a swinging type variable dip angle non-circular cutting mechanism which comprises a base board, a linear motor, a feeding support plate, a sector voice coil motor and a tool rest, and the linear motor is arranged horizontally and is arranged at the upper side of the base board. The feeding support plate is arranged horizontally and is connected with the linear motor, and therefore the feeding support plate is driven by the linear motor to reciprocate in a linear mode in the X-axis direction; one side of the tool rest is rotatably installed on a U-shaped supporting frame in a pivoted mode, the other side of the tool rest is fixedly connected with the sector voice coil motor, and the U-shaped supporting frame and the sector voice coil motor are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the feeding support plate. The invention further discloses a numerical control lathe correspondingly equipped with the non-circular cutting mechanism. According to the swinging type variable dip angle non-circular cutting mechanism and the digital controlled lathe thereof, the freedom degree of tools swinging in a vertical plane can be increased, the dip angle of the tool can be adjusted to effectively compensate the change, caused by the non-circular wheel outline, of cutting angles, the swinging type variable dip angle non-circular cutting mechanism and the digital controlled lathe thereof have the advantages of being compact in structure, high in response frequency, and capable of achieving high-speed precise machining, and therefore the swinging type variable dip angle non-circular cutting mechanism is particularly applied to cutting and machining of various kinds of non-circular section workpieces.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cutting and processing, and more specifically relates to a swing-type variable-inclination non-circular cutting mechanism and a numerical control lathe thereof. Background technique [0002] Parts with non-circular cross-sections are important application parts in many industrial occasions. They have the advantages of long service life, can produce special motion laws, and meet the specified special use requirements. Special-shaped threads, cams, pistons and other parts are common non-circular cross-section parts, the most typical of which is the piston. For example, the pistons of modern car engines are no longer cylindrical, but have mechanical shafts in the shape of elliptical drums. As the "heart" of the engine, the piston bears alternating mechanical loads and heat loads. It is one of the key components in the engine with the worst working conditions, and its quality determines the working efficienc...

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Problems solved by technology

However, further studies have shown that the above-mentioned processing method still has the following defects: First, according to this NC processing method, in the non-circular contour interpolation process, the tool only performs high-speed reciprocating motion, and the spindle speed is constant, so the tool tip relative to the workpiece It is a non-circular contour trajectory movement, which causes the cutting angle and cutting speed of the tool to change periodically; and when the non-roundness is large, this periodic change is easy to cause fatigue damage to the tool and reduce the service life of the tool; secondly , the cutting angle and cutting speed of the tool are constantly changing during the processing, that is, the processing state is not constant, the processing quality of the surface of the processed workpiece is uneven, the roughness of the processing surface is increased, and the processing accuracy cannot be guaranteed; Finally, the turning radius and its rate of change will vary greatly with the workpiece rotation angle. If the spindle speed is kept constant as in general turning, the cutting line speed and acceleration will vary greatly, and the surface of the processed workpiece will easily form ripples and burn

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