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Method for expanding post-stack seismic data frequency band based on wavelet compression

A seismic data and wavelet technology, which is applied in the field of geophysical exploration, can solve the problems of signal-to-noise ratio decrease, it is difficult to predict the effect of deconvolution and frequency extension to meet the requirements of seismic data processing, and it is difficult to achieve the expected effect. rate effect

Active Publication Date: 2014-03-26
BC P INC CHINA NAT PETROLEUM CORP +1
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Problems solved by technology

However, the premise of this method is that the seismic data does not contain noise, the seismic wavelet is the minimum phase and the waveform shape is known, and the subsurface reflection coefficient sequence is random
Since these assumptions are difficult to fully satisfy in actual seismic records, it is difficult to predict the results of deconvolution at some point.
In particular, the actual data contains noise, and it is predicted that the frequency expansion effect of deconvolution will be affected by high-frequency noise. After widening the frequency band, the signal-to-noise ratio will drop significantly because the high-frequency part is also raised.
However, data with a low signal-to-noise ratio cannot be used for subsequent seismic data processing.
Due to the limitation of the principle of this method, sometimes it is difficult to predict the frequency expansion effect of deconvolution to meet the requirements of seismic data processing

Method used

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  • Method for expanding post-stack seismic data frequency band based on wavelet compression
  • Method for expanding post-stack seismic data frequency band based on wavelet compression
  • Method for expanding post-stack seismic data frequency band based on wavelet compression

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specific Embodiment approach

[0046] 1) Acquisition of seismic exploration data;

[0047] 2) Process the seismic data to obtain the superposition record g(x,t) of the common center point;

[0048] 3) Within a given space coordinate range and a given time window length, perform Fourier transform on the superimposed record g(x, t) with respect to the time coordinate to obtain the spectrum G(x', ldw);

[0049] 4) Calculate the average value of the amplitude spectrum A(l) according to the formula (1)

[0050] 5) Under the assumption that the reflection coefficient is white noise, do the inverse Fourier transform on the time coordinate of the average value A(l) of the amplitude spectrum to obtain the original wavelet w(n) with zero phase, n=-N,-N +1,...,N;

[0051] 6) Obtain the spectrum B(j) of the compressed wavelet according to the following method, and take the first value of the average value A(l) of the amplitude spectrum value and the L + 1 - ...

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Abstract

The method discloses a method for expanding a post-stack seismic data frequency band based on a wavelet compression. The method comprises the following steps: a stack record is subjected to Fourier transformation in a time coordinate to obtain a frequency spectrum; an average value is calculated, and a zero-phase original wavelet is obtained by conducting Fourier transformation of the time coordinate; a frequency spectrum of a compressed wavelet is calculated according to a given contraction operator; the frequency spectrum of the compressed wavelet is subjected to Fourier transformation of the time coordinate to obtain the compressed wavelet; a frequency spectrum of a broadband wavelet is calculated; the wavelet of the broadband wavelet is subjected to Fourier transformation related to the time coordinate to obtain the broadband wavelet; autocorrelation of an original wavelet is calculated; mutual correlation of the original wavelet and the broadband wavelet is calculated; a record of a frequency-expanded convolution of a shaping operator and an original stack record is calculated. Through the adoption of the method, the resolution ratio of seismic post-stack data can be improved, and meanwhile, signal to noise ratio, relative amplitude relation, and time-frequency characteristics of seismic data can be basically maintained.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to geophysical exploration technology, belongs to the technical category of expanding data frequency bands and improving resolution in the process of seismic data processing, and is a method for improving the imaging quality of seismic data. Background technique [0002] With the development of the petroleum industry, the requirements for seismic exploration are getting higher and higher. Seismic exploration has entered a stage where the main content is to study the characteristics and parameters of oil reservoirs (or oil reservoirs) and serve oil and gas development. When directly studying oil and gas reservoirs, the resolution of seismic data is critical. [0003] Conventional methods to improve the resolution of seismic data mainly include spectral whitening and predictive deconvolution. Predictive deconvolution is one of the most commonly used methods to improve the resolution of seismic data by compressing seismic wavelets. ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01V1/28
Inventor 马光凯周兴元任晓乔
Owner BC P INC CHINA NAT PETROLEUM CORP
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