Bio-directional common optical path distributed fiber optic interferometer

Abstract

The invention discloses a bio-directional common optical path distributed fiber optic interferometer. The bio-directional common optical path distributed fiber optic interferometer comprises a fiber optic isolator, a first fiber optic optical splitter, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer composed of a same second fiber optic optical splitter and a third fiber optic optical splitter, a first fiber optic circulator and a second fiber optic circulator; light enters the first fiber optic optical splitter after passing through the fiber optic isolator, the light is divided into two paths of the light with the same light intensity, one path of the light enters the second fiber optic optical splitter after passing through the first fiber optic circulator, the other path of the light enters the third fiber optic optical splitter after passing through the second fiber optic circulator, the light in the positive and the light in the negative directions are connected directly through a straight-through arm, one path of interference signals output by the third fiber optic optical splitter enters a first receiving end after passing through the first fiber optic circulator, the other path of the interference signals output by the third fiber optic optical splitter enters a second receiving end after passing through the second fiber optic circulator, and the waveforms of the two paths of the interference signals are consistent. The bio-directional common optical path distributed fiber optic interferometer has the advantages that the number of occupied cores of fiber optic in communication optical cables is reduced, and the signal intensity of the optical signals received by the receiving ends is increased greatly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an optical fiber interferometer, in particular to a bidirectional common optical path distributed optical fiber interferometer. Background technique [0002] Optical fiber interferometer is a basic optical structure in optical fiber sensing and detection technology, and is the key technology to achieve high sensitivity and high precision measurement. Traditional optical fiber interferometers mainly include Michelson interferometer, Fabry-Perot interferometer, ring cavity interferometer and Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Since these optical fiber interferometers have a unidirectional structure with one input at one end and output at one end, the light interference obtained at the output end The signal is the integral of all disturbances distributed along the fiber, and the disturbance information at a specific distance cannot be separated, so these fiber interferometers cannot achieve distributed detection. [0003] With the incr...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, this two-way common optical path distributed optical fiber interferometer needs to occupy four optical fibers in the communication optical cable, and the use of optical fibers in the communication optical cable is becoming more and more tight in actual engineering, which increases the practical difficulty of optical fiber distribution; on the other hand, Using this two-way common optical path distributed fiber interferometer, the optical signal received at the receiving end is weak, and the weak optical signal received will reduce the length of the detection distance

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