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Year-round hybrid seed production method of sweet potatoes

A technology for hybrid seed production and sweet potato, which is applied in the fields of botanical equipment and methods, horticulture, and application, can solve the problems of dryness and death, growth stagnation, shortening the breeding time of sweet potato, etc., to increase the number of flowers, increase the number, and improve the breeding efficiency. Effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-08-26
JIANGSU ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Traditionally used by sweet potato breeders as rootstocks for grafting are Yongcai and morning glory, but the grafting compatibility of Yongcai and morning glory with sweet potatoes is not good, resulting in many sweet potato resource materials grafting to rootstocks to stagnate or even grow. Dry up and die, wasting a lot of human and financial resources
Therefore, finding a rootstock with good grafting compatibility has become an urgent problem to be solved in the sweet potato breeding work in recent years; It is suitable to carry out hybridization in autumn, and the number of hybrid seeds obtained is limited, which often cannot meet the needs of breeding excellent sweet potato lines. Therefore, inventing a technology that can realize sweet potato annual hybrid seed production will effectively shorten the sweet potato breeding time and improve the effectiveness of sweet potato breeding work. Efficiency is very important

Method used

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  • Year-round hybrid seed production method of sweet potatoes
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  • Year-round hybrid seed production method of sweet potatoes

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0023] Embodiment 1: A kind of sweet potato anniversary hybrid seed production method

[0024] Time: 2014

[0025] Location: Experimental field of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences

[0026] Specific seed production steps:

[0027] (1) Greenhouse selection and preparation: Choose a glass greenhouse with good light transmission that can be maintained at a temperature of 20-35°C throughout the year, covered with insect-proof nets around the inner wall, and equipped with shading cloth that can be unfolded and retracted automatically or manually;

[0028] (2) Preparation of rootstock and scion for grafting: In the first ten days of March, cut the rootstock of sweet potato diploid wild species I. crassi caulis into about 20 cm stem segments, and insert the axillary buds upwards into flower pots for propagation in the greenhouse; The 40 excellent parent tubers selected from the resource garden were planted in the greenhouse to raise seedlings;

[0029] (3) Grafting: When th...

experiment example 1

[0036] Experimental example 1: The effect of rootstock on the affinity rate of scion

[0037] (1) In this study, Yong vegetable (conventional rootstock for sweet potato grafting) , morning glory (conventional rootstock for sweet potato grafting) and sweet potato diploid wild species I. crassi caulis (Materials of wild sweet potato resources preserved by this unit, quoted from the United States in 1982) for different rootstocks.

[0038] (2) 30 sweet potato materials including Sushu No. 9 were randomly selected from the resource garden as scions, and three rootstocks were grafted, namely Yongcai, morning glory and sweet potato diploid wild species I. crassi caulis. The specific steps of grafting are: when the rootstock grows to a height of about 30cm, remove the top of the rootstock with a blade, leaving only about 10-15cm of stems on the ground, and then use a blade to cut vertically from the middle of the upper end of the rootstock to a depth of about 2cm; cut the scion in...

experiment example 2

[0048] Experimental example 2: Effect of hormone treatment on the number of flowering and fruiting of sweet potato

[0049] In the selection experiment example 1, 10 grafted parents taking sweet potato diploid wild species I.crassi caulis as rootstock were research objects, and 300 ppm of GA was used at 60 days after grafting. 3 Spray the grafted plants once, and supplement with short-day treatment, investigate and count the flowering quantity of the scion within 90 days after grafting. Experimental result shows (table 3), with the GA of 300ppm 3 Spraying grafted plants can significantly increase the flowering quantity of sweet potato scion material.

[0050] Table 3 The total amount of flowering of each material under hormone treatment within 90 days after grafting

[0051]

[0052] Note: CK: Spray the grafted plants with water.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a year-round hybrid seed production method of sweet potatoes and belongs to the technical field of variety breeding of crops. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a greenhouse; selecting a grafting rootstock for breeding parents; determining male and female parents; carrying out short-day induction artificially; carrying out hormone induction; carrying out hybridization; harvesting; and the like. According to the method, the graft incompatibility of conventional rootstocks and scions is avoided; the flowering number of scions, especially scions difficult to blossom, is effectively increased; the seasonal limitation of hybrid pollination of sweet potatoes is broken; the year-round seed production of sweet potatoes is achieved; the quantity of hybrid seeds of sweet potatoes is significantly improved; the breeding efficiency is remarkably improved. The method can be popularized and applied to the breeding work of sweet potatoes.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of crop breeding, and relates to a hybrid seed production technology of crops, in particular to a method for annual hybrid seed production of sweet potatoes. Background technique [0002] Sexual hybridization is one of the important ways to breed new sweet potato varieties. However, sweet potato is a short-day plant. In northern China, most of the sweet potato resource materials cannot flower naturally due to the long light time. Therefore, this habit of sweet potato has become the main obstacle for cross breeding. To overcome this obstacle, breeders usually use a combination of grafting and short-day treatment to promote flowering and fruiting of sweet potato. The purpose of grafting is to prevent a large amount of nutrients from moving to the underground and promote flower bud differentiation. Controlling the sunshine hours can meet the short-day requirement of sweet potato flowering, so that the cross breeding ca...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01G1/06A01H1/02
Inventor 马佩勇贾赵东边小峰谢一芝郭小丁
Owner JIANGSU ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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