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a from alh 3 /mgcl 2 Extraction of α‑alh from nanocomplexes 3 powder method

A nano-composite and powder technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, metal hydrides, inorganic chemistry, etc., can solve the problems of high equipment requirements, low reaction yield, environmental pollution, etc., and achieve low environmental pollution, smooth surface, The effect of large powder particle size

Active Publication Date: 2017-06-13
HARBIN INST OF TECH
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to solve existing preparation α-AlH 3 The powder method has the problems of high cost, low reaction yield, high equipment requirements, high risk, and environmental pollution. However, a method from AlH 3 / MgCl 2 Extraction of α-AlH from nanocomposites 3 powder method

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  • a from alh <sub>3</sub> /mgcl <sub>2</sub> Extraction of α‑alh from nanocomplexes <sub>3</sub> powder method
  • a from alh <sub>3</sub> /mgcl <sub>2</sub> Extraction of α‑alh from nanocomplexes <sub>3</sub> powder method
  • a from alh <sub>3</sub> /mgcl <sub>2</sub> Extraction of α‑alh from nanocomplexes <sub>3</sub> powder method

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specific Embodiment approach 1

[0032] Specific implementation mode 1: This implementation mode is a kind of nano-AlH 3 Extraction of α-AlH from metal chlorides 3The powder method is done as follows:

[0033] 1. Nano-AlH 3 / Metal chloride is added to the solvent, and then stirred at a stirring speed of 60r / min to 100r / min for 10min to 90min to obtain a solid-phase metal salt and a liquid-phase AlH 3 Diethyl ether solution of ether compound;

[0034] Nano-AlH described in step 1 3 / metal chloride as AlH 3 / MgCl 2 Nanocomposite powder or AlH 3 / LiCl nanocomposite powder;

[0035] Nano-AlH described in step 1 3 The mass of / metal chloride and the volume ratio of solvent are (1g~3g): 50mL;

[0036] 2. Combine the metal salt in the solid phase and the AlH in the liquid phase 3 The ether solution of the ether compound is centrifuged at a centrifugal speed of 3000r / min to 12000r / min for 10min to 30min to remove the metal salt in the solid phase and obtain the AlH in the liquid phase. 3 Diethyl ether s...

specific Embodiment approach 2

[0047] Specific embodiment two: the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is: AlH described in step one 3 / MgCl 2 Nanocomposite powders were prepared as follows:

[0048] ①. Put the magnesium powder with a particle size of 0.1mm to 2mm or the magnesium alloy powder with a particle size of 0.1mm to 2mm in the ball mill pot, put the ball into the ball at a ratio of (30 to 120): 1 by mass ratio of the ball to material, and place it in the ball mill. Ball milling at a speed of 250r / min to 400r / min for 15h to 20h under a hydrogen atmosphere to obtain nanocrystalline MgH with a grain size of 9nm to 11nm and a powder particle size of 1μm to 10μm 2 powder;

[0049] The magnesium alloy described in step ① is ZK60; the Mg content in the ZK60 is 93.5%, the Zn content is 6%, and the Zr content is 0.5%;

[0050] ②, ball milling, reaction: firstly, the nanocrystalline MgH with a grain size of 9nm to 11nm and a powder particle size of 2 Powder and AlCl 3 Mix the...

specific Embodiment approach 3

[0052] Specific embodiment three: the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one or two is: AlH described in step one 3 / LiCl nanocomposite powders were prepared as follows:

[0053] ①. Weigh LiAlH 4 , AlCl 3 and LiBH 4 ;

[0054] LiAlH described in step ① 4 with AlCl 3 The molar ratio is (2.8~3.2):1;

[0055] LiBH as described in step ① 4 with AlCl 3 The molar ratio is (2~10):1;

[0056] ②, weigh the LiAlH in step ① 4 , AlCl 3 and LiBH 4 were dissolved in three parts of ether to obtain LiAlH 4 Diethyl ether solution, AlCl 3 Diethyl ether solution and LiBH 4 ether solution;

[0057] LiAlH as described in step ② 4 LiAlH in ether solution 4 The molar ratio with ether is 1:(20~50);

[0058] AlCl described in step ② 3 AlCl in ether solution 3 The molar ratio with ether is 1:(20~50);

[0059] LiBH as described in step ② 4 LiBH in ether solution 4 The molar ratio with ether is 1:(20~50);

[0060] ③, LiAlH obtained in step ② 4 Diethyl ethe...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extracting alpha-AlH3 powder from nano AlH3 / metal chlorides, which relates to a method for preparing alpha-AlH3 powder. The invention aims to solve the problem that existing methods for preparing alpha-AlH3 powder are high in cost, low in reaction yield, high in equipment requirement and large in risk, and pollute the environment. The method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing an ethyl ether solution of solid-phase metal salts and liquid-phase AlH3 etherate; 2, preparing an ethyl ether solution of liquid-phase AlH3 etherate; 3, preparing off-white powder; and 4, adding the off-white powder into a hydrochloric acid solution, cleaning the obtained object by using distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the obtained product, so that alpha-AlH3 powder is obtained. The particle size of the alpha-AlH3 powder prepared according to the invention can reach about 20-30 mu m, and the decomposition temperature of the alpha-AlH3 powder cleaned by using the hydrochloric acid solution can reach about 184 DEG C, and therefore, the alpha-AlH3 powder is good in stability. The method disclosed by the invention is suitable for preparing alpha-AlH3 powder.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a method for preparing α-AlH 3 powder method. [0002] technical background [0003] H 3 Alane, also known as alane, is off-white crystal, AlH 3 The mass density of hydrogen contained is 10.1wt%, and its hydrogen storage capacity is significantly higher than the target of 5.5wt% in 2015 stipulated by the US Department of Energy. It is not only a high-performance hydrogen storage material, but also can be used as a special energy storage material for propulsion in the dose. Use AlH 3 Substituting Al as a propellant can at least increase the specific impulse of the solid propellant by 100N·S·kg -1 , and AlH 3 Releases 10% of its own weight in H during decomposition 2 , which reduces the average molecular weight of gas, is the main reason for using it instead of Al as a solid propellant. It was found that AlH 3 There are six crystal forms, among which the most suitable as hydrogen storage material and propellant is...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B6/06
Inventor 胡连喜段聪文孙宇
Owner HARBIN INST OF TECH
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