Three-dimensional protective no-tillage deep loosening and deep application self-moving stepping operation device

Abstract

A self-moving working device for three-dimensionally protective no-tillage deep scarification and deep fertilization, comprising a work platform (1), a traveling component (2) that can move the work platform (1) to a work area, and a self-moving work assembly arranged on the work platform (1) and used for work after the work platform (1) is moved to the work area, wherein the self-moving work assembly comprises at least one work group for performing deep scarification by breaking up soil with sprayed compressed air and for deep fertilization by spraying powder materials into said soil, and a control system for controlling the work group to work and to move; each of the work groups at least includes a work unit arranged on the work platform (1); the work unit comprises a work execution means, a drive assembly that can drive the work execution means to move back and forward in the work direction and drive the work platform to move after the work execution means is inserted into the soil, and a drive means (3) that can drive the work execution means to rotate on a vertical plane for up and down movement; the work execution means comprises a spear (4) for deep scarification and deep fertilization, and a piston rod vertically fixed to the spear (4) for deep scarification and deep placement to drive the latter to insert into or pull out of a hydraulic cylinder I (5) in the soil. This work process achieves a no-tillage deep scarification and deep fertilization effect without turning the soil and without upsetting the original soil layer structure.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural cultivation, in particular to a three-dimensional protective no-tillage deep loosening and deep application self-moving stepping operation device. Background technique [0002] At present, the so-called deep loosening and deep soil preparation operation technology is mainly designed for the cultivation conditions of field crops in plain areas. Generally speaking, the operation system uses tractor-drawn subsoilers or combined soil preparation machines with subsoiling parts to realize plowing and soil plowing in an incomplete sense between rows or all-round deep soil cultivation and soil preparation. The specific operation method is as follows: It mainly pulls plows, shovels, shovels and other subsoiling equipment to move laterally through traction devices (such as high-power tractors), tearing the bottom of the plow or obstructing soil. Its technology and equipment are mainly divided into chisel subsoil...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Generally speaking, the operation system uses tractor-drawn subsoilers or combined soil preparation machines with subsoiling parts to realize plowing and soil plowing in an incomplete sense between rows or all-round deep soil cultivation and soil preparation. The specific operation method is as follows: It mainly pulls plows, shovels, shovels and other subsoiling equipment to move laterally through traction devices (such as high-power tractors), tearing the bottom of the plow or obstructing soil. Its technology and equipment are mainly divided into chisel subsoiling, shovel subsoiling and vibration Subsoiling, but there is no technology and supporting equipment for automated mechanical deep application of powder fertilizers

[0003] The above subsoiling and deep construction methods have the following defects: 1. This technology basically belongs to plane destructive tillage subsoiling, rather than three-dimensional protective no-tillage subsoiling in the strict sense, and it is difficult to achieve the real purpose of subsoiling

According to this purpose, the current subsoiling and soil preparation technology is difficult to fully realize the subsoiling quality requirements of "deep, flat, fine, and solid", that is, the operation depth is generally above 25cm, and the field surface must be leveled after operation. Finely crushed, no missed plowing, consistent depth, solid top and empty bottom, reaching the ready-to-sow state; 2. As far as terrain requirements are concerned, there are many limiting factors for this technology to be applicable to terrain and different crop planting areas, because this technology is mainly suitable for plain areas. It cannot be operated even in relatively flat hilly areas, mountains, and facility agricultural areas; for different crop planting areas, the current technology is limited to the spring and autumn subsoiling operations of single-season field crops in the year, and it is impossible to intertill and subsoil the crops. 3. High energy consumption and inflexible action, because the current subsoiling operation system needs to be driven by a high-power tractor, and there is a lack of supporting equipment. It is not allowed to turn and reverse the car at will during the process, otherwise 4. The quality of the operation is not up to standard, and there are many limiting factors on the soil texture of the operation. The reason is that the depth of subsoiling is relatively large. When the depth exceeds 30cm, there may be insufficient power, and the operating environment requires no roots in the plow layer. During the operation process, it is required that there should be no high stubble in the work area, and the straw after stubble should not be laid too thick on the ground, otherwise the ground friction will be too small and the machine will slip and it will be difficult to move forward.

In addition, incomplete subsoiling will occur during the subsoiling process, often leaving hard ridges with different degrees of subsoiling that have not been subsoiled or formed by different depths of subsoiling shovels; 5. This technology is mainly used for relatively Dry land in spring and autumn, rainy season, ice and snow season, and land with high water content cannot be fully loosened. Otherwise, due to the easy action of mechanical compaction, hard and dry ridges often appear or it is difficult to tear the frozen soil layer by ice and snow; 6. Repeated operations will compact and disturb the surface soil, because when the machine is inserted into the soil, the machine will travel with the vehicle, causing the soil to be rolled repeatedly, which will cause great disturbance and damage to the soil, and accelerate the soil erosion of the surface soil to a certain extent

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