A low-additive halogen-free flame-retardant polylactic acid composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a low addition type halogen-free and flame-retardant polylactic acid composite and a preparation method thereof. The composite is prepared from polylactic acid, a flame retardant, an optional flame retardant additive, an optional antioxidant and an optional lubricant, wherein the flame retardant is a phosphate, phosphamide, phosphoryl ester or phosphoramidate compound; the flame retardant additive is inorganic filler or organically modified inorganic filler. The preparation method of the polylactic acid composite comprises the following steps: polylactic acid is dried under vacuum and uniformly mixed with the flame retardant, the optional flame retardant additive, the optional antioxidant and the optional lubricant, and the mixture is placed in a twin-screw extruder for melt blending and extrusion pelletizing. The low addition type halogen-free and flame-retardant polylactic acid composite is low in adding quantity of the flame retardant, good in flame retardance and environment-friendly, and the mechanical properties are not reduced but are even increased; the preparation method is simple, convenient, fast, low in cost and suitable for industrial production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a flame-retardant polymer composite material, in particular to a low-addition halogen-free flame-retardant polylactic acid composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Polylactic acid (PLA) is a new type of biodegradable material. It is a polymer obtained by polymerization of lactic acid as the main raw material. The source of its raw material is sufficient and renewable. The production process is pollution-free. The product can be biodegraded and realize the cycle in nature. , so it is an ideal green polymer material. In addition, polylactic acid has good biocompatibility, thermal stability and heat resistance, as well as good dimensional stability, mechanical properties and electrical insulation properties. It can be used to make packaging materials, fibers and nonwovens, etc., in many It is widely used in various industrial production fields and pharmaceutical fields. [0003] However,...

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Problems solved by technology

Halogen-containing flame retardants were used early in the prior art, but the addition of such flame retardants will cause a large amount of smoke when the material is burned, and produce toxic, harmful, and strongly corrosive gases, seriously polluting the environment and threatening human life and health

[0005] In industrial production, the use of halogen-free flame retardants magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide flame-retardant polylactic acid, although the flame-retardant performance is good, but the addition of a large amount leads to a significant decrease in the mechanical properties and apparent physical properties of polylactic acid composites , and the price is relatively expensive, which is not conducive to the industrial application of polylactic acid

In addition, according to existing literature and patent reports, adding halogen-free phosphorus-containing flame retardants is one of the effective means to improve the flame retardancy of polylactic acid, but halogen-free phosphorus-containing inorganic or organic flame retardants generally require higher The addition amount can achieve the flame retardant performance required by the industry, but the high addition amount reduces the heat resistance and mechanical properties of polylactic acid

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