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A kind of cascade leaching method of lithium-containing multi-element waste

A leaching and waste technology, which is applied in the field of leaching lithium-containing multi-component waste by using lattice defects, can solve problems such as large differences in valence and activity, single crystal structure, lattice defects, etc., to avoid technical problems, high purity, low cost effect

Active Publication Date: 2018-04-06
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Different from the traditional recovery route of "one-time leaching + multi-process separation", the leaching method of lithium-containing multi-component waste of the present invention is mainly aimed at the lithium-containing multi-component waste with a single and relatively complete crystal structure and the value of each component in the waste. There are large differences in state and activity (lithium is positive monovalent, active and easy to leach; nickel and cobalt are mainly positive divalent, a small amount is positive trivalent, and the activity is in the middle; manganese is mainly positive tetravalent or positive trivalent, relatively stable and difficult to leach ) characteristics, using different types of acids with different properties for directional leaching in sequence, by dissolving specific elements and causing lattice defects, the microscopic crystal structure of the raw material transitions from a stable state to a metastable state, or even an unstable state, thereby promoting the subsequent Leaching and Separation of Elements

Method used

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  • A kind of cascade leaching method of lithium-containing multi-element waste
  • A kind of cascade leaching method of lithium-containing multi-element waste
  • A kind of cascade leaching method of lithium-containing multi-element waste

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0050] A stepwise leaching method for lithium-containing multiple waste materials, comprising the following steps:

[0051] (1) Weigh Lithium-containing multi-element waste LiNi 1 / 3 co 1 / 3 mn 1 / 3 o 2 powder 10.0g, figure 1 for LiNi 1 / 3 co 1 / 3 mn 1 / 3 o 2 XRD pattern of waste powder, figure 2 for LiNi 1 / 3 co 1 / 3 mn 1 / 3 o 2 The SEM picture of the waste powder is shown in figure 2 shown. figure 1 Show LiNi 1 / 3 co 1 / 3 mn 1 / 3 o 2 Powder is ɑ-NaFeO 2 Crystal form, sharp peak shape, that is, the crystal is relatively complete, and there is no impurity peak; figure 2 It is shown that it is a spherical particle with a particle size of about 10-20 μm; the mass fractions of lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese are 7.20%, 20.3%, 20.3% and 19.0%, respectively, as detected by AAS and ICP. Will LiNi 1 / 3 co 1 / 3 mn 1 / 3 o 2 The waste powder was put into a 500mL single-necked flask. Weigh 18.0 g of oxalic acid crystals to form 200 mL of a 1 mol / L solution, and pour ...

Embodiment 2

[0055] A stepwise leaching method for lithium-containing multiple waste materials, comprising the following steps:

[0056] (1) Weigh Lithium-containing multi-element waste LiNi 0.4 co 0.1 mn 1.5 o 4 Powder 10.0g, LiNi 0.4 co 0.1 mn 1.5 o 4 The XRD pattern of the powder is as follows Figure 7 As shown, LiNi 0.4 co 0.1 mn 1.5 o 4 The SEM picture of the powder is as follows Figure 8 shown. Figure 7 Show LiNi 0.4 co 0.1 mn 1.5 o 4 The powder is in the spinel crystal form with sharp peaks, that is, the crystals are relatively complete and there are no miscellaneous peaks; Figure 8 Show LiNi 0.4 co 0.1 mn 1.5 o 4 The powder is an ellipsoidal particle with a particle size of about 5-10 μm; the mass fractions of lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese are 3.8%, 12.8%, 3.2% and 45.1%, respectively, as detected by AAS and ICP. Will LiNi 0.4 co 0.1 mn 1.5 o 4 The powder was put into a 500mL single-necked flask. Weigh 18.0 g of oxalic acid crystals to form 40...

Embodiment 3

[0060] A stepwise leaching method for lithium-containing multiple waste materials, comprising the following steps:

[0061] (1) Weigh Lithium-containing multi-element waste LiNi 5 / 10 co 2 / 10 mn 3 / 10 o 2 Powder 10.0g, LiNi 5 / 10 co 2 / 10 mn 3 / 10 o 2 The powder was put into a 500mL single-necked flask. As detected by AAS and ICP, the contents of lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese are 7.20%, 30.4%, 12.2% and 17.1% respectively. Weigh 18.0 g of oxalic acid crystals to form 400 mL of a 0.5 mol / L solution, and pour the oxalic acid solution into the above-mentioned one-necked flask, that is, the solid-to-liquid ratio is 25 g / L. Put the one-necked flask into a water bath, set the temperature of the water bath to 40°C, stir with a magnet, and continue the reaction for 4 hours. After the reaction was completed, the lithium oxalate leaching solution and the leaching residue A were obtained by suction filtration and separation. Lithium oxalate leaching solution and leaching res...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a step leaching method for multi-element waste containing lithium. The method is different from the traditional recovering route that one-time leaching and multi-process separation are conducted. According to the step leaching method for the multi-element waste containing the lithium, aiming at the characteristics that the multi-element waste containing the lithium is single and relatively intact in crystal structure, and the valence states and activity differences of all constituent elements are large, acid of different characteristics and different characteristics is adopted to sequentially leach the lithium element, the nickel and / or cobalt and the manganese element in a directional mode, and the specific elements are dissolved to cause lattice imperfection, so that the microcrystalline structure of a raw material is transitioned from a stable state to a meta-stable state, even an instable state, and leaching and separating of the subsequent elements is promoted accordingly. The leaching method for the multi-element waste containing the lithium is easy to operate, mild in condition and low in cost, sufficient recovering of the multiple constituent elements in the waste can be achieved, and industrialization is easy to achieve.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of hydrometallurgy, in particular to a method for cascaded leaching of lithium-containing multi-element waste by utilizing lattice defects. Background technique [0002] In recent years, in order to reduce the excessive dependence on traditional petrochemical energy and improve the urban air pollution caused by automobile exhaust, governments of various countries have vigorously developed new energy industries and actively promoted new energy vehicles. In 2016, my country's annual output of new energy vehicles exceeded 450,000 for the first time, replacing the United States as the world's largest producer and seller of new energy vehicles. The core components of new energy vehicles are power batteries, among which lithium-ion batteries are currently one of the most promising power batteries in the market. However, power lithium-ion batteries are consumables (with an average lifespan of 3-5 years), and contain a large...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C22B26/12C22B23/00C22B47/00
CPCC22B7/007C22B23/0415C22B26/12C22B47/0063Y02P10/20
Inventor 黄国勇郭学益田庆华李栋
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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