[0011] The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0012] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention includes an upstream filter dam body 1 and a downstream filter dam body 3; a filler space 8 is formed between the upstream filter dam body 1 and the downstream filter dam body 3, and a metal filler frame 2 is housed in the filler space 8, and a metal filler frame 2 is installed There are three-dimensional elastic porous packing balls 4, and the packing balls 4 are filled with matrix packing 6. The upstream filter dam body 1 and the downstream filter dam body 3 are both surface layers made of stones, and the surface layer below the surface layer is made of gravel, zeolite and iron slag. The inner layer made of the mixture of equal weight has the first filter dam base pile 5-1, the second filter dam base pile 5-2 on both sides of the bottom of the upstream filter dam body 1 and the downstream filter dam body 3, and the first filter dam base pile 5-2. Between the base pile 5-1 and the second filter dam base pile 5-2, there is a bottom 7 laid with reinforced concrete connected together, and the upstream filter dam body 1 and the downstream filter dam body 3 are built on the bottom 7. The matrix filler 6 is composed of equal weights: corncobs releasing carbon sources, zeolite powder with high porosity and strong adsorption, cement admixture, nitrifying bacteria with strong adhesion ability and adding water to make spherical particles with a particle size of 20-30mm. Into the three-dimensional elastic porous filler ball 4, the filling rate is 50%, the upstream filter dam body 1 forms a slope surface, the ratio of the length of the slope surface to the height of the upstream filter dam body 1 is 3:1, and the downstream filter dam body 3 into a slope surface, the ratio of the length of the slope surface to the height of the upstream filter dam body 1 is 2:1.
[0013] In order to ensure the effect and convenience of use,
[0014] The thickness of the surface layer is 200-300mm, the particle size of the stone is 100-300mm, and the particle size of the gravel and zeolite is 30-50mm.
[0015] The metal filler frame 2 is a square shape formed by stacking a plurality of metal filler frames up and down and arranged side by side.
[0016] The three-dimensional elastic porous filler ball 4 is a circular network made of polyethylene with through holes evenly distributed on the peripheral wall, with a diameter of 95-105 mm, suspended in water, and the filling rate of the filler ball 4 in the metal filler frame 2 is 70%.
[0017] It can be seen from the above that the structure of the filter dam of the present invention is novel and unique in that: a) matrix replacement ecological filter dam, the filter dam consists of natural block stones (doped with iron slag), metal filler frame and matrix filler;
[0018] b) The slanted body on the upstream surface, the slanted body on the back surface of the ecological filter dam, and the top of the dam are built with natural stones as supports; new fillers are used as matrix materials in the middle;
[0019] c) The new type of filler is placed on the three-dimensional elastic filler ball, and the filling rate is 50%. The three-dimensional elastic filler ball can carry the new type of filler and can be suspended in the water body. Under the disturbance of the water flow, it is conducive to the growth and renewal of the biofilm.
[0020] d) The packing balls are placed in the stainless steel metal frame and are not welded with the dam body. The shape of the entire metal packing frame is the same as the shape of the gap left by the dam body, which is easy to place and can be taken out to replace the packing at will, which is convenient to use;
[0021] e) The base of the entire filter dam bottom adopts concrete structure.
[0022] The new filler is a self-made particle capable of releasing carbon sources, which has the characteristics of light weight, high mechanical strength, high porosity, continuous release of carbon sources, and strong biofilm adhesion, with a particle size of 20-30 mm.
[0023] The matrix is placed in three-dimensional elastic packing balls (polyethylene spherical shape) and suspended in the water body.
[0024] The invention utilizes the natural adsorption of new matrix fillers filled at the crest of the ecological filter dam, the purification effect of nitrifying bacteria in the matrix, and the role of the matrix releasing carbon sources (replenishing carbon sources for denitrifying bacteria in the denitrification process), while using flowing water The microbial film is slowly formed through the porous structure of the filling matrix, and the matrix filler is fully contacted with the river water through the disturbance of the water flow, which is conducive to the growth and renewal of the biofilm, and finally makes the slightly polluted water pass through the matrix replacement ecological filter dam, and the pollutants in the water are adsorbed. And degradation, so that the purification effect of river water is improved.
[0025] The use of the matrix replacement ecological filter dam can first fill the water and reduce the water flow velocity, so that the water body slowly passes through the filter dam. When the water body passes through the upstream part of the filter dam (slope 1:3), it passes through the structure of gravel, zeolite and iron slag doped Adsorption, microbial film degradation and micro-electrolysis are generated, and degradable organic matter, ammonia nitrogen and dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water body are utilized. When entering the new matrix filling part and the downstream part of the filter dam (slope 1:3), the dam body is in anoxic or anaerobic state, and the microorganisms are supplemented by the carbon source released by the new matrix during the denitrification process. At the same time, the efficient nitrification in the new matrix packing The action of bacteria improves the nitrification and denitrification in the dam body.
[0026] The new type of matrix packing passes through multiple metal packing frames, which can be taken out and replaced to prevent the filled matrix from clogging and causing the filter dam to collapse.
[0027] During specific construction, the present invention combines the topography of the water body, the shape of the water system, and the pollution of the water body to construct a matrix replacement ecological filter dam in the slow-flow section of the river without affecting flood discharge. The bottom of the ecological filter dam uses concrete as the base, and the dam body is built with natural stones (doped with iron slag) as the support; the middle uses a new type of filler as the matrix material, which is placed in a three-dimensional elastic filler ball and suspended in the water. The three-dimensional elastic filler balls are placed in a stainless steel metal frame without welding with the dam body. The shape of the entire metal filler frame is the same as the shape of the gap left by the dam body, which is easy to install, easy to take out and replace the filler, and is convenient and fast to use.
[0028] The river water flows through the matrix filler of the ecological filter dam, and the matrix filler in the three-dimensional elastic filler ball is suspended in the water through the disturbance of the water flow, which is fully in contact with the river water, and is easy to attach to the biofilm. At the same time, the matrix filler releases carbon source, and the filtration and adsorption of the dam body, It is beneficial for microorganisms to degrade nitrogen pollutants in river water. And through field application, very good beneficial technical effects have been achieved. For example, a river without flood pressure is selected in Henan, the water surface width is ≥ 15 m, and the normal water level is ≥ 2 m), and the matrix replacement ecological filter is installed at the floodplain width ≥ 35 m. The COD concentration of the dam and river water body is about 30-50mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is about 2-5mg/L. According to the structure of a kind of substrate replacement type ecological filter dam provided by the present invention, an ecological filter dam is built at the river bed 9, the crest height is 2.5m, and the crest width is 2m, which is as wide as the channel of the river bed 9. After one year's test and determination, the ecological dam of the present invention has an improved ability to remove nitrogen pollutants by more than 10%, and the construction cost is 1/3 of that of similar dams, and the service life is increased by more than 3 times, and the replacement of three-dimensional elastic porous filler balls It is very convenient, and the replacement efficiency is more than 5 times higher than that of the original ecological filter dam of the same kind, and its effect is unexpected.
[0029] In a word, a substrate-replacing ecological filter dam of the present invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment in environmental engineering. It is characterized in that the filter dam is composed of natural block stone, gravel, zeolite (doped with iron slag), metal packing frame and matrix packing. Concrete is used as the base for the outer surface of the ecological filter dam, the inclined body of the upstream surface, the inclined body of the back surface, and the bottom of the ecological filter dam, and the dam body is built with natural stones, gravel, and zeolite (doped with iron slag) as supports; the middle uses new fillers As a matrix material, it is placed in a three-dimensional elastic filler ball; then the filler ball is placed in a stainless steel metal frame without welding with the dam body. The shape of the entire metal filler frame is the same as the shape of the gap left by the dam body, which is easy to place It can be taken out and replaced at will, which is convenient to use. In the natural adsorption of the new matrix filler and the purification of the nitrifying bacteria in the matrix, as well as the role of the matrix releasing carbon source (supplementing the carbon source for the denitrifying bacteria in the denitrification process), at the same time, the flowing water is used to slowly pass through the porous structure of the filled matrix to form microorganisms The membrane, through the disturbance of water flow, makes the matrix filler fully contact with the river water, which is conducive to the growth and renewal of the biofilm, and finally makes the slightly polluted water pass through the matrix replacement ecological filter dam, and the pollutants in the water body are adsorbed and degraded, so that the purification effect of the river water body is improved. improve. The invention changes the structure of the ecological filter dam matrix filler, adds new matrix fillers, improves the water purification effect, is easy to operate, has no power consumption, has strong impact resistance, is easy to maintain and replace, and can effectively prevent matrix clogging.
[0030]Compared with the existing dam body, it has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0031] (1) Compared with ordinary ecological filter dams, nitrification and denitrification in the dam body are improved, and the removal of total nitrogen is increased by about 10%.
[0032] (2) Strong impact resistance, long service life, can extend the service life by at least 3 times, easy maintenance and replacement, can effectively prevent matrix clogging, and can adjust the filling rate of the new matrix filler according to the actual water quality changes.
[0033] (3) The invention changes the structure of the ecological filter dam matrix filler, is easy to operate, and the replacement efficiency is increased by more than 5 times. It has no power consumption, energy saving and environmental protection, and is suitable for urban rivers, ditches and slightly polluted river water bodies without flood pressure.
[0034] (4) Easy production and construction, low cost, 1/3 of the original equipment. It is an innovation in the treatment of river pollution equipment, with huge economic and social benefits.
