Extrusion device of three-dimensional printer and optical detection mechanism thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an extrusion device of a three-dimensional printer. The extrusion device comprises a ratchet, a nozzle, a pressurization idle pulley, a feeding rotary table and an optical detection mechanism, wherein the nozzle and the pressurization idle pulley are arranged near the ratchet; hot melting materials are fed to the nozzle by the feeding rotary table; and the optical detection mechanism comprises a guide assembly and an optical sensing assembly, the guide assembly is arranged between the ratchet and the feeding rotary table on a feeding path, and the optical sensing assembly is arranged near the guide assembly. When the ratchet rotates, the hot melting materials are driven to pass through the guide assembly, the ratchet and the pressurization idle pulley by the ratchet and friction between the hot melting materials and then are extruded by the nozzle, the hot melting materials are partially guided to be arranged in a sensing area by the guide assembly, wave band light is emitted to the sensing area by the optical sensing assembly, and an image generated by the wave band light reflected by the sensing area is sensed. Thus, the operation of a machine table can be fully monitored.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an extrusion device, in particular to an extrusion device of a three-dimensional printer and an optical detection mechanism thereof. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the popularization of three-dimensional printing (3D printing), also known as additive manufacturing (AM), in which fused deposition modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing is widely used in many machines, this The main principle of this type of additive manufacturing is to use a three-axis machine tool with an extrusion nozzle to extrude plastic or other materials. Most extrusion nozzles use ratchets to hold the material wire, and use friction to drive the linear hot-melt material to the nozzle. Propelled and heated to a certain temperature at the nozzle end, the linear hot-melt material can be melted into a molten state, and the thin line is sprayed out through a small nozzle, and the thin line is filled with the cutting area of ​​the workpiece, ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Since the feeding method of fused deposition (FDM) build-up manufacturing is that the ratchet clamps the material wire and pushes the material into the material, it is prone to unpredictable abnormal feeding conditions, such as material wire knotting, material wire breaking, material wire running out, Ratchet slipping and nozzle clogging, etc.

At present, most of the 3D printer products on the market cannot be informed of the abnormal feeding situation during printing, and the machine will continue to operate, resulting in sequelae such as carbon deposition in the nozzle and ratchet grinding.

[0004] Although the current technological development has been developed in this direction, for example, in the patent case CN203496156U of the People's Republic of China, a 3D printer feeding failure detection device is disclosed, although it can monitor the rotation speed of the coupling wheel through the speed sensor arranged in the coupling wheel However, this method can only know whether the feeding state is normal, but still cannot know the conditions such as material wire knotting, material wire breaking, ratchet slipping, and nozzle clogging, which cannot effectively solve the common problems of existing 3D printers

[0005] Therefore, how to develop a 3D printer that can know the abnormal occurrence in real time when the feeding abnormality occurs, so that the machine can be paused, and continue printing after the abnormality is eliminated, so as to effectively solve the extrusion problem of the 3D printer that causes printing failure and nozzle clogging due to abnormal feeding. The output device and its optical detection mechanism are actually problems to be solved at present.

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