Cultivation method applicable to fertilizer reduction and efficiency improvement of cotton growing in Xinjiang saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The invention relates to a cultivation method applicable to fertilizer reduction and efficiency improvement of cotton growing in Xinjiang saline-alkali soil. The method comprises the following steps that (1) the soil salinity range is 1-1.5 ms / cm, and the pH values of the soil and irrigation water are both 7-8; (2) base fertilizer is applied according to soil salinity; (3) the number of protected seedlings is 12,000-14,000 plants / mu; (4) a water fertilizer scheme for seedling output is adopted at the seedling stage in early May; (5) the nutrient control indexes of the growth period of the cotton include the budding period, the flowering period, the full flowering period and the flowering and boll forming period, and the fertilizer application amount of corresponding fertilizer is determined according to each detection index; (6) watering time and frequency are determined; (7) ripening acceleration is carried out for boll opening; (8) a defoliating agent is sprayed when the boll stage of bolls on the top of the cotton reaches 45 days or above or the boll opening rate of the cotton in a field reaches 30%-40%. According to the method, reasonable functional fertilizer is adopted according to the growth fertilizer requirement rule of the cotton; meanwhile, the fertilizer is scientifically formulated and applied according to the soil and the actual growth conditions of cotton, application of the fertilizer to the cotton is carried out along with the pressurization of water in a drip irrigation process, and the yield of the cotton is increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to a cotton cultivation method in Xinjiang, in particular to a cultivation method suitable for reducing weight and increasing efficiency of cotton in saline-alkali soil in Xinjiang. Background technique [0002] Xinjiang is the main cotton area in my country, and the cotton area accounts for 5% of the world's total. It is the main economic crop in this region. However, many scientific and technical problems are currently faced, and the application of fertilizers is one of the key technologies. [0003] However, the soil in Xinjiang is heavy in salinity. According to the survey, 86% of the soil in Xinjiang is low in salt, 89% is strongly alkaline, 80% of the soil is nitrogen deficient, 91% of the soil is deficient in potassium, and the phosphorus content is low. Xinjiang's saline-alkali land accounts for a large proportion of cultivated land, which is an important factor leading to low-yield fields and the main cause of poverty in...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] Although many areas in China have started soil testing and formula fertilization, in fact, in field production, the application guidance of fertilizers in the later growth period simply based on the soil testing formula before planting cannot completely solve the problem of soil stress. Give reasonable advice within a reasonable range

It is also impossible to carry out real-time technical regulation and guidance according to the planting and growth conditions of cotton. The scientific formula given in the early stage is difficult to exert the actual effect of scientific fertilization, weight loss and production increase.

At the same time, it is difficult to realize timely monitoring and guidance of field operations in the production process based on the soil test results and later sampling in the laboratory for routine analysis. Therefore, it is difficult to popularize and apply, and the effect is not good.

Due to the differences in soil and regions in various regions, it is difficult for the fertilization formula recommended according to the experiment to have a scientific guiding significance in large-scale guidance and promotion. At the same time, it is difficult to ensure high yield

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